The height of children has always been an issue of concern to parents, and there are many children who cannot grow taller, and the reasons for this are the following. 1, genetic influence Because of genetic genes caused by the short is called “familial short”. This kind of short children show normal growth rate, the growth curve and normal children’s curve parallel, but always in the low limit, in kindergarten or elementary school class height queue, often ranked in the shortest few. They have no physical disease, their intelligence is normal, and their laboratory tests are normal. These children’s puberty came on time and they were short in adulthood. Xu Jinliang, Department of Pediatrics, Shaoxing Maternal and Child Health Hospital 2. Delayed puberty Short stature in childhood is due to the late appearance of puberty and normal height by adulthood. These children are of normal height at birth. After 6 months to 2 years of age after birth, their growth rate is slower than that of children of the same age. After 3 years of age, their growth rate is normal, their growth curve is parallel to that of normal children, and their epiphysis closes 2 to 3 years later, thus they have normal growth potential. However, before puberty, they look short compared with children of the same age, and their height grows rapidly during puberty, after the age of 16 for boys and 14 for girls, and finally their height is normal in adulthood. 3.Less than gestational age Children born at full term weigh less than 2.5 kg are called full term small sample children. There are also preterm small sample children. These small children in the mother’s womb developmental delay. There are various reasons: such as the mother’s nutritional deficiency, severe pregnancy reaction vomiting, eating very little; there are placental and umbilical cord factors and maternal disease during pregnancy. 4.Long hormone deficiency This is caused by insufficient secretion of growth hormone by the pituitary gland. Most of the causes are unknown, and about 2/3 of the children have a history of breech delivery. This affected child is particularly short and starts to grow very slowly at the age of 1 to 2 years after birth, growing only 1 to 3 cm per year, with an average adult height of 137 cm. The dwarfism is proportional, i.e., the limbs, head and trunk are proportionally short, and the bone age is significantly behind the actual age. Their other internal organs are normal and their intelligence is normal. 5. Hypothyroidism This is caused by insufficient secretion of thyroid hormones. The majority of congenital ones are caused by congenital underdevelopment or underdevelopment of the thyroid gland. Most of these children are normal at birth. During the neonatal period, it can be manifested as more sleep, less crying, less movement, long jaundice, cold limbs, low body temperature, constipation, abdominal distension, feeding difficulties, etc. Later, it can be manifested as slow growth and mental retardation. 6, congenital ovarian hypoplasia This disorder occurs only in girls and is caused by sex chromosome abnormalities. The normal female blood chromosome is 46xx, this patient lacks an x chromosome, such as: 45×0. There are many manifestations of this disease, but almost all patients have short stature and slow growth. 7. Systemic diseases causing short stature Chronic malnutrition, chronic diarrhea, congenital heart disease, respiratory disease, anemia, kidney disease, infection, etc. can cause growth disorders in children. 8. Mental depression If children are discriminated against or abused to cause dwarfism, they will grow normally again once the environment is changed. In addition, there is a golden dividing line for determining children’s dwarfism, which is 4 years old. At the age of 4, the growth hormone and thyroid hormone are basically formed in the body of both boys and girls, and the eating and sleeping habits are gradually formed, so that we can see whether there are defects in the figure. In the active stage, it will also promote endocrine, beneficial to growth. If you find that your child’s height deviates more than that of children of the same age after the age of four, you should have a comprehensive examination in time to clarify the cause and treat it early. Prevention of childhood dwarfism: Children’s height is the result of the interaction between heredity and environment. As parents, they should create a good environment for children to give full play to their growth potential in order to make them grow as tall as possible. 1. If they are not well fed or sick after birth, they may grow 5 to 6 cm less, or even less, and later they will be shorter than other children. Therefore, it is important to have adequate nutrition throughout the infant and toddler period, add supplementary food in time and prevent diseases. For the birth of a small sample of children to enhance nutrition and care, so that they accelerate growth. 2, we should pay attention to reasonable nutrition, do not be partial to eat, less snacks, 1 to 2 hours before meals it is best not to eat candy or drink drinks, which is conducive to good appetite. Exercise often, because the secretion of growth hormone increases after exercise, which is beneficial to growth. The secretion of growth hormone in normal people is pulsatile and mainly occurs at night during sleep, so adequate sleep is also important for growth. 3. To investigate the pathological factors that cause dwarfism and to treat it, we must find out the cause. First of all, through medical history inquiry physical, and laboratory examination, according to the detailed medical history information and laboratory results, comprehensive analysis, to find out the cause of children’s dwarfism, and finally determine the treatment plan.