Small bowel diseases are not common in the whole gastrointestinal tract, and because of the deep anatomical location of the small intestine and the atypical clinical symptoms of small bowel diseases, they often lead to delayed diagnosis and treatment. The emergence of capsule endoscopy and double-balloon small intestine microscopy has enabled doctors to observe the small intestine no longer as a blind spot, and the diagnosis of small intestine diseases has entered a new era. Studies have shown that double-balloon small bowel microscopy is safe and effective in diagnosing small bowel disease, but fewer studies have examined its use in diagnosing small bowel mesenchymal cell tumors. A study by He and colleagues published in the March 21, 2013, issue of WJG found that dual-balloon small bowel microscopy can be safely used to diagnose suspected gastrointestinal mesenchymal cell tumors and may provide precise localization for subsequent surgical intervention. The study retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 783 patients who underwent double balloon small bowel microscopy for suspected small bowel disease at a tertiary care teaching hospital from 2003 to 2011, including ancillary imaging prior to double balloon small bowel microscopy, indications for double balloon small bowel microscopy, basic disease characteristics, site of gastrointestinal mesenchymal cell tumor, endoscopic presentation, treatment, pathologic findings and postoperative management. The results showed that 77 patients were diagnosed with gastrointestinal mesenchymal cell tumor by biopsy or postoperative pathology, with an average age of 47.74 years (20-77 years), of which 63.6% were male. 81.8% of the patients presented with gastrointestinal bleeding and 10.4% presented with abdominal pain. 71 patients (92.2%) had lesions in the small intestine. The diagnostic rate of double balloon small bowel microscopy for gastrointestinal mesenchymal cell tumor was 88.3%, which was superior to capsule endoscopy. Mesenchymal tumor is the most common gastrointestinal mesenchymal cell tumor, followed by lymphoma. The typical gastrointestinal mesenchymal cell tumor is a single lesion protruding into the intestinal lumen, with the small bowel lesion most often presenting as an unsmooth mass with surface erosions or ulcers (Figure 1), followed by an ovoid or round mass with a smooth surface and no tip. Small intestinal mesenchymal tumors presented as smooth surface masses All patients with gastrointestinal mesenchymal cell tumors were treated surgically except for one patient who underwent endoscopic treatment, and all patients had disappearance of clinical symptoms and improved overall condition after surgery without complications. The study demonstrated that double balloon small bowel microscopy is a safe and valuable tool for the diagnosis of suspicious gastrointestinal mesenchymal cell tumors and can provide guidance for subsequent surgical localization.