After a major surgery, patients usually eat to eat to supplement, however, eat to supplement is also a rule to follow, before and after surgery anesthesia, diet and nutritional supplementation law summed up, can be summarized as “a stop two see three through” jingle. A stop (stop eating): before and after surgery anesthesia, stop smoking and drinking, the night before surgery to stop eating and drinking, stop eating before anesthesia, all for the safety of the patient, because during anesthesia surgery, the patient will vomit, after anesthesia confusion, vomit will accidentally inhale into the lungs, once into the lungs, will endanger the patient’s life, if you have eaten and drunk, tell the anesthesiologist truthfully. Second look (what needs to be supplemented): pre-operative and post-operative (peri-operative) look at the physical condition, peri-operative nutritional support includes two parts: one part is for those who have malnutrition before surgery and need nutritional support; the other part is for those who have good nutritional condition before surgery and need nutritional support after surgery due to large surgical trauma and insufficient amount of nutrition. For example, if a patient has anemia before surgery and needs blood transfusion, or if a patient with vomiting and diarrhea has low micronutrient “potassium”, he needs potassium supplementation, otherwise, once anesthesia will endanger his life. Pre-operative patients with “four highs” (high blood pressure, high blood fat, high blood sugar, high transaminases) need to control the height before or during surgery before doing anesthesia. After surgery, orthopedic surgery requires calcium supplementation, and after anesthesia, a small number of elderly patients may have “cognitive dysfunction”, which will be prevented and treated with drugs by anesthesiologists during surgery, and post-operative supplementation of “brain-boosting” foods is also beneficial to brain health, such as Walnuts, omega-3, etc. Three ways: self-prepared soup, enteral nutrition and parenteral nutrition. The taste of self-prepared soup is good, the nutrition required by the patient is not satisfied, after surgery patients like to drink their own soup, usually the patient usually like to drink, family members think it is the best, the patient’s taste family wishes are very good, the shortage is that many nutrients such as protein does not dissolve in water, so the nutrition of soup is very limited, eat soup dregs effect is not good, after surgery anesthesia patients stomach, intestines, liver, bile, pancreatic kinetic energy are in a suppressed After the surgery, the patient’s stomach, intestines, liver, gallbladder and pancreas are in a state of inhibition, so they cannot digest, absorb and transform the food. Lack of essential nutrients will affect the patient’s wound healing. If the patient’s diet is not adequate, enteral nutrition (EN) should be used to supplement it. Enteral nutrition (EN), as defined by the American Dietetic Association, is the provision of energy and nutrients via the gastrointestinal route to meet the body’s needs, including oral, nasal (gastrostomy tube) and fistula. Hospitals have dietitians who have 5 years of specialized study in medicine and clinical nutrition and who are specialized in the nutritional treatment of patients. Nutritional homogenates prepared by the dietitians are administered nasally or clinically specific nutrients are purchased orally under the direction of the dietitians, which is the most common method. Only a very small percentage of patients require parenteral nutrition (PN). (Parenteral nutrition) PN: Nutritional fluid is administered intravenously and is indicated for patients who require strict fasting after medium to large abdominal surgery. In the past, this method was commonly used, but in recent years, research has observed that this method has many shortcomings, and the principle is: it can be given orally but not intravenously, and large hospitals have set up “intravenous treatment consultation groups” to regulate the application of parenteral nutrition.