Many patients have called or emailed me after being discharged from the hospital to ask me about precautions to take after middle ear surgery and how to deal with unexpected situations. Based on the questions asked by the patients and my own experience, I would like to list the post-operative instructions for otitis media and other scientific knowledge in order to help the patients to solve their problems and recover as soon as possible. Precautions 1. Do not blow your nose until your doctor says your ear has healed. If necessary, any secretions that accumulate in the nose can be sucked into the throat and coughed out, which is especially important when you have a cold. 2. Do not blow your nose and sneeze through your throat by blowing air into your ear. 3.Don’t let water into your ears until your doctor tells you that your ears are healed. When washing your hair or showering, you can stuff cotton into the opening of the external ear canal, and if there is an incision in the skin, don’t let water into the sub-region for a week. 4. Try to avoid colds, cold and fatigue. In case of a cold, follow the routine treatment and inform your doctor if you have symptoms in your ear. 5.You may feel while there is a fluctuating sensation inside, bubbling sound, kata sound or other sounds, as well as a feeling of fullness in the ear, and sometimes it may feel as if there is fluid in the ear, all of which are normal after surgery. 6. It is best to fly only after the ear has healed. When the height changes, you need to stay awake and chew gum to stimulate swallowing. Vertigo There will be slight vertigo with head movement, which is irrelevant if it is not aggravated. Hearing It is rare to have hearing improvement immediately after surgery. It may even be temporarily worse due to tissue swelling and filling of the external ear canal. Ear leakage A bloody or aqueous ear leakage may occur during the recovery period. The ear canal opening can be replaced with a hearing swab if necessary, but generally the less the operated ear is moved the better. Whenever there is a yellow, purulent ear leak, it is important to return to the hospital for a follow-up visit, and it is also important to inform your doctor of any foul-smelling ear leak. Pain Mild, intermittent ear pain is not uncommon during the first 2 weeks, and there is often pain over or in front of the ear when chewing. If there is persistent, please follow up. Ear drops If your doctor prescribes ear drops, tilt your head to the opposite side to apply 2 drops to the ear and hold for 5 minutes, then tilt your head to the affected side to allow the drops to drain. Post-operative medication change The stitches are usually removed in 7 days, sometimes in stages depending on the condition of the wound. The in-ear plug is removed within 2-3 weeks after surgery, and the wound can be discharged after the stitches are removed and the plug is removed according to the doctor’s orders. After the removal of the intra-ear plug, the doctor will arrange for the patient to return to the hospital for a review of the endoscope according to the condition. The hearing condition should be observed regularly after the surgery. The first electrical audiometry is scheduled for 3 months after the surgery, followed by 6 months and one year after the surgery.