Malocclusion is not a typical monogenic disease, but it has a clear tendency to run in families and is polygenic. The development of the dental and jaw organs is influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. In general, the basic morphology of the jaws is more governed by genetic factors, while the dental characteristics are more influenced by environmental factors. Some types of malocclusion have a more pronounced genetic predisposition, such as mandibular protrusion and anterior open dentition. The genealogy of the German royal family has been studied and it was found that nine consecutive generations had anterior mandibular malocclusion present. Genetics may determine the basic shape of a person’s jaw and face, but many malocclusions are not predestined to occur at birth but develop gradually in response to some unfavorable environmental factors, so many malocclusions can be prevented from occurring or their development interrupted.