100 questions about fracture healing (I)

  In recent times, I have noticed an increasing number of patients with problems in “fracture healing” during my outpatient visits. On the one hand, due to medical conditions, most patients have difficulty in receiving reasonable and effective medical support from their treating physicians; on the other hand, the treatment process violates important mechanisms of fracture healing, which affects the outcome of the repair. For this reason, from today onwards, the author will publish “100 reasons for fracture healing?” by summarizing the questions of outpatients and the matters that need attention. We hope to provide guidance to patients who have fracture healing problems. I also hope that patients will give me feedback on what you need to know through the website, and I will keep updating it according to your requests. The following content is original and is not to be reproduced for commercial use.  What is a bone discontinuity?  Most fractures heal normally under modern medical conditions. After a fracture is properly treated, new bone tissue grows from the fractured end and joins the fracture fragments. Sometimes, however, even with effective surgical fixation or conservative treatment, the fracture will fail to heal. In some cases, certain risk factors can increase the risk of fracture healing failure. When a fracture fails to heal, it is referred to as “nonunion”. When a fracture takes longer than the usual healing time, it is called “delayed healing”.  What factors promote fracture healing?  Adequate stability and good blood supply are needed for fracture healing. Adequate nutritional support also plays an important role in fracture healing.  What is fracture stability?  All fracture treatment must follow the basic principle that fracture fragments must be set and displaced before healing can occur. Sometimes a brace or cast can help maintain the fracture in its normal position. Sometimes the fracture is fixed with fixation devices such as screws, plates, staples, and fixation frames.  Why is the blood supply to the fracture site important?  Blood carries the elements needed for healing to the fracture site. These elements include oxygen, repair cells, and the chemical elements (also called growth factors) necessary for the body to heal itself. The blood supply to the injury site usually recovers during the healing process. However, if excessive damage is done to the blood supply during the healing process, fracture healing can be compromised.  What is nutrition for fracture healing?  Fractures need adequate nutrition to help them heal. A healthy, balanced diet that includes protein, calcium, vitamin C and vitamin D is the best way to get effective nutrition. For most patients, dietary supplements that exceed daily requirements are often meaningless. However, there are exceptions, such as for severely malnourished patients with multiple organ damage, where doctors may recommend special dietary and medication supplements as needed.