Esophageal cancer is a kind of cancer of esophagus as the name implies, which is a kind of malignant tumor. Many people will choose surgery to treat esophageal cancer, but there may be complications after esophageal cancer surgery, so it is crucial to do well in these post-operative care. Be careful of these post-operative complications of esophageal cancer Post-operative complications of esophageal cancer I. Vomiting blood Vomiting blood is a clinical symptom of some advanced esophageal cancer patients, mostly related to tumor invasion of large blood vessels. Saliva contains inorganic substances such as sodium, potassium, calcium and chlorine. Patients with esophageal cancer lose a lot of saliva due to difficulty in swallowing, resulting in water and electrolyte disorders, and hypokalemia or muscle weakness may occur in serious cases. Post-operative complications of esophageal cancer III. Aspiration pneumonia Some esophageal cancer patients with esophageal obstruction may cause aspiration pneumonia, fever and systemic toxic symptoms. Post-operative complications of esophageal cancer IV. Perforation Late stage esophageal cancer, especially ulcerated esophageal cancer, can cause perforation due to local erosion and severe ulceration of tumor. For example, perforation of trachea can cause esophagotracheal fistula, and patients will have choking and coughing when drinking water; perforation of mediastinum can cause mediastinitis, and patients will show chest tightness, chest pain, cough, fever, rapid heart rate and elevated white blood cells; perforation of lung can cause lung abscess, and patients will have high fever, cough and pus sputum; perforation of aorta can cause hemorrhage. Post-operative complications of esophageal cancer V. Cachexia Patients with advanced esophageal cancer have increasing difficulty in swallowing and are in a state of long-term starvation, resulting in different degrees of dehydration, negative nitrogen balance and weight loss, manifesting as high degree of emaciation, weakness, loose and dry skin, and in a state of exhaustion. Cachexia has a direct impact on the incidence of other complications and surgical mortality after esophagectomy. Doing these care after esophageal cancer surgery is the key 1.Postoperative bleeding: usually occurs within 12h, mostly due to incomplete intraoperative hemostasis, detachment of vascular ligature, large amount of blood input and coagulation dysfunction can also cause postoperative bleeding. If there is more bleeding, the patient often complains of thirst, palpitation, dyspnea, decreased blood pressure, increased heart rate, pale face and lips. 2, observation of vital signs: early postoperative nursing staff should closely observe the patient’s blood pressure, pulse, and pay attention to the nature, color and drainage flow of the chest drain and gastrointestinal decompression tube, so that early detection and timely treatment. 3, pulmonary atelectasis, pulmonary infection: commonly seen in elderly male patients with a long history of smoking, intraoperative tracheal intubation too deep, blockage of endotracheal secretions; increased secretions due to intraoperative anesthetic drugs or stimulation of the endotracheal tube causing damage to the mucosal epithelium of the respiratory tract. 4, postoperative hemopneumothorax, pleural effusion, gastric dilatation and other conditions: postoperative incision pain, afraid to cough hard, resulting in bronchial sputum can not be effectively discharged, resulting in bronchial obstruction, alveolar gas can not be exhaled and pulmonary atelectasis or lung infection. Such patients should be advised to quit smoking in the early preoperative period, and respiratory function training should be strengthened. Patients should be trained to do abdominal breathing and effective coughing after admission, and be instructed to do deep breathing exercises early after surgery to prevent postoperative hypoxemia and ineffective coughing due to weakened chest breathing. 5, lying position: take the correct lying position to reduce local incision tension, alleviate discomfort, reduce the occurrence of pneumonic pneumonia, and facilitate pulmonary ventilation. The sputum can be assisted by turning and tapping the back, and tapping the back should be done from the bottom up and from the outside in, so that the sputum at the end of the bronchus will be coughed out due to the cough reflex generated by vibration. 6.Postoperative analgesia: encourage patients to breathe deeply, cough effectively to expel sputum, reasonably select effective antimicrobial agents, and remove chest tube as early as possible, and perform nebulized inhalation to dilute sputum and perform nasal catheter and fibrinoscopic aspiration treatment for those whose sputum is not easily expelled. Pus chest pus chest is often caused by surgical secretions contamination of the pleura or improper handling of postoperative chest drains, the patient may have fever chest pain, shortness of breath, etc., and the chest cavity may be pumped out turbid pleural fluid. 7, postoperative drainage: postoperative aseptic care of the chest drainage tube is strictly enforced, nutritional support is strengthened, antibiotics are used reasonably, the amount and nature of the chest drainage fluid is observed, and if turbid pleural effusion appears, it is reported to the doctor in a timely manner. Celiac disease is also a serious complication after esophageal cancer surgery and has a high death rate. The reason of celiac disease occurring after surgery is related to the damage of thoracic duct thoracic segment part during surgery. Due to the opening of thoracic cavity and the opening of thoracic duct, the thoracic duct is not filled under positive pressure, and the small amount of celiac fluid flowing from the rupture is not easy to identify after being mixed with blood.