With the rapid development of industry, agriculture and transportation in China, high-energy injuries have increased rapidly, and the incidence of thoracolumbar fractures is increasing, and thoracolumbar fractures are most common in young and strong males, and improper treatment can cause serious complications such as intractable low back stiffness, pain, and posterior convexity deformity, bringing a heavy economic burden to patients and society. We use a single-incision bilateral paravertebral muscle gap approach to treat thoracolumbar fractures through the injured vertebra by placing a nail in the vertebral body, choosing a single skin incision, entering through the natural gap between the bilateral multifidus and longest muscles, revealing the pedicle screw entry point only at the 5mm diameter area at the intersection of the transverse process root of the injured vertebra and the superior and inferior vertebrae, and implanting the pedicle screw, avoiding the extensive stripping of the multifidus stop and the The implantation of pedicle screws through the injured spine enhances the holding force of the fractured segment and acts as a fulcrum in the brace repositioning to increase the repositioning force, which is conducive to the restoration of the injured spine height and normal spinal sequence, and the implantation of pedicle screws through the injured spine enhances the holding force of the fractured segment and acts as a fulcrum in the brace repositioning to increase the repositioning force, which is conducive to the restoration of the injured spine height and normal spinal sequence. It also helps to restore the height of the injured vertebra and the normal sequence of the spine, and to build bone into the injured vertebral body via the pedicle, which reduces the occurrence of long-term complications such as loss of height of the anterior edge of the injured vertebra, loss of the corrected angle of lordosis, screw extraction or fatigue fracture.