Adenocarcinoma of the colon is a type of colon cancer. Colon adenocarcinoma is a malignant tumor that originates from the epithelial cells of the colon mucosa and is only one of the many pathological types of colon cancer. Colon cancer can be divided into colon adenocarcinoma, mucinous adenocarcinoma and undifferentiated carcinoma according to the pathological types, of which adenocarcinoma accounts for the majority. In terms of treatment colon adenocarcinoma or other types of colon cancer, radical surgical resection is usually required if it is surgically resectable, and postoperative treatment is supplemented with chemotherapy or even molecular targeted drugs. Colon adenocarcinoma that originates from mucosal epithelial cells is more sensitive to chemotherapy and usually has a better prognosis than other mucinous adenocarcinomas or undifferentiated cancers.