With the westernization of lifestyles in developing countries, the proportion of obese people is gradually rising, and colorectal cancer is gradually spreading as an “affluent disease”, with 746,000 new colorectal cancer patients among men and 614,000 new patients among women every year. The second most common cancer among men and women, respectively. Studies have found that obese people have high fat mass and produce adipokines that promote colorectal adenomas. In obese individuals, the body secretes more insulin to maintain metabolic function, resulting in hyperinsulinemia, and insulin-like factors that reduce apoptosis and promote cell proliferation. Therefore the risk of developing rectal adenoma may be increased by more than 20% and is higher in men than in women, and also commonly recurs after surgery. Although studies have found that obesity has a much greater impact on colon cancer than rectal cancer, obese people face longer surgery times, more blood loss, and easier wound dehiscence when treated with surgery than the average patient. It is now believed that regular exercise, a healthy diet, and having a healthy lifestyle can all reduce the risk of colorectal cancer and require surgical bariatric surgery when necessary.