Neonatal anemia is a relatively common condition in pediatric patients and refers to a hemoglobin value below a certain value during the neonatal period, i.e. within 28 days of birth. Typically, the diagnostic criteria for neonatal anemia are <130 g/L for venous blood or <145 g/L for peripheral blood. the diagnosis of neonatal anemia is more concerned with hemoglobin levels as in other periods, but the criteria for neonatal anemia are much higher than in childhood. For children and adults, a hemoglobin of 130-145 g/L is normal, but for newborns it is anemia. When a newborn is anemic, he or she may appear pale, dizzy, weak and sleepy. The degree of symptoms depends on the degree of anemia and the compensatory capacity of the organism. There are many causes of anemia in newborns, such as intrauterine blood loss while the baby is inside the mother, or blood transfusion between the mother and fetus, or between the two in the case of twin births. It is also possible that the umbilical cord or placenta may be abnormal, resulting in blood loss during delivery, resulting in neonatal anemia. There is also postnatal blood loss, with umbilical, gastrointestinal and internal bleeding being the most common. After suffering from neonatal anemia, in addition to following medical advice for treatment, iron supplementation can be started 4-6 weeks after birth under the guidance of a doctor to promote recovery.