Before the advent of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL), many urinary stones were treated surgically. However, since ESWL became popular in China in the mid to late 1980s, surgical treatment of stones has been decreasing day by day. Currently, there are several common stone treatment methods in China: surgical stone extraction, extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, endoluminescence lithotripsy, holmium laser lithotripsy, intracavitary ballistic lithotripsy, and drug lithotripsy, etc. The specific treatment method should be chosen by the doctor according to the examination results.