Laparoscopic treatment of urinary stones The incidence of urinary stones is very widespread, often because of improper treatment of the disease has led to serious consequences. Especially a small ureteral stone finally led to a kidney damage, and even the clinical often see bilateral development of the stone finally appeared uremia and life-threatening, but also just because of that less than the size of a peanut 1, 2 stones only! In this article, just for laparoscopic treatment of urinary stones for a brief introduction: Indications The stone is located in the renal pelvis outlet to the end of the ureter range, especially the ureter in the middle to the upper section of the stone. The stone is large, hard, and has a long residence time causing adhesion and encapsulation. Generally, it means that the stone is larger than 1CM and the onset time is larger than 3 months. Combined with ureteral stenosis, moderate to severe hydronephrosis. Those who have failed extracorporeal lithotripsy or endoluminal lithotripsy treatment. Approach to surgery There are generally two approaches: transabdominal laparoscopic surgery and posterior laparoscopic surgery. Most of them use three holes to complete the surgery, which are both less invasive compared to open surgery. The former has to enter through the abdominal cavity, there is a certain degree of interference with the abdominal organs, but the operating space is large, the operation is easy to grasp; the latter does not enter through the abdominal cavity, the use of the posterior abdominal cavity to establish a channel to complete the operation, the abdominal organs have little impact, but the operating space is limited, the operation has a certain degree of difficulty. Comparison Advantages Compared with the traditional “open” surgery, the advantages are obvious, small wounds, less traumatic surgery, and faster recovery. The minimally invasive treatment of endoluminal lithotripsy avoids the possibility of reoperation for incomplete stone removal or stone movement, and the possibility of urinary leakage is also very small.