Ozone is an isomer of oxygen, which can be decomposed into oxygen at room temperature and pressure. It has strong oxidizing ability and has biological effects such as bactericidal, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, analgesic and immunomodulatory, etc. It is widely used in clinical treatment, including treatment of lumbar disc herniation and bone and joint diseases, treatment of trauma and refractory ulcers, adjuvant treatment of cancer, anti-free radical anti-aging, chronic ulcerative colitis, stroke, and viral hepatitis, vaginitis, caries and other diseases. and viral hepatitis, vaginitis, caries and other diseases, its clinical efficacy has been fully affirmed, the following we mainly look at the role of ozone in the treatment of common pain type diseases. ¶
Osteoarthrosis
Etiology: Osteoarthritis is a non-inflammatory, chronic, progressive invasion of the active joints that increases rapidly with age. The mechanism of its occurrence is mainly the inhibition of proteoglycan synthesis and destruction of collagen fibers in articular cartilage, loss of elasticity of cartilage, increased hydraulic permeability and increased compressive stress on chondrocytes, increased catabolic enzymes, decreased lubrication and destruction of articular cartilage. Surface damage. As for joint pain, ozone specialists believe that the unmyelinated receptors in the joint area are normally inactive and are activated only by the heightened tension in the joint or by exposure to chemical irritants such as lactic acid, histamine, neuropeptides, prostaglandins and kinins, which are considered to be the result of mechanogenic or/and chemogenic effects.
The current treatment of osteoarthritis aims to relieve symptoms, improve joint function, avoid or reduce deformities, reduce the risk of progression and facilitate the repair of damaged joints. Experimental studies have shown that ozone can stimulate the overexpression of oxidative enzymes, neutralize the overproduction of reactive oxidative products in the inflammatory response, antagonize the release of cytokines or inhibit the release of cytokines (such as IL10, TGFβ, etc.) in the inflammatory response, stimulate the release of NO and PDGF from vascular endothelial cells to cause vasodilation and improve reflux, thus promoting the absorption of inflammation. At the same time, ozone can act directly on nerve endings and stimulate the release of brain peptides and other substances from inhibitory interneurons to achieve analgesic effects. Secondly, by changing the internal environment in the joint cavity, ozone promotes the repair and regeneration of joint cartilage and slows down the rate of joint degeneration.
”In clinical application, it has been reported that ozone was compared with sodium ambienate to observe the efficacy of both in the treatment of osteoarthritis, and the results showed statistically significant differences in joint pain relief and functional recovery in the second and third months after treatment, and the effect of ozone treatment was superior to that of sodium vitrate, and no significant adverse reactions or side effects were seen.”
Intervertebral disc herniation
Etiological analysis: on the basis of disc degeneration, especially when the degeneration of the fibrous annulus soft inclusive nucleus pulposus degenerates rapidly, disc herniation is prone to occur.
”Ozone therapy for lumbar disc herniation first appeared in Italy. In 2001, domestic ozone medical experts systematically studied the effect of ozone on the ultrastructure of the nucleus pulposus, which showed that the volume of the experimental nucleus pulposus became significantly smaller, from normal gelatin jelly-like to white cheese-like and elastic. Eventually, the volume of the nucleus became white cheese like, with poor elasticity and easy fracture. Under electron microscopy, the cell count of the nucleus was scarce and more remnants of necrotic cells could be seen, the protrusions of the surviving cells in the nucleus disappeared or were short, and the number of organelles and glycogen particles in these cells were significantly reduced. Ozone can damage the function of cells and tissue structures in the nucleus pulposus, which eventually leads to the loss of water in the nucleus pulposus, a significant reduction in the volume of the nucleus pulposus, and a decrease in the intradiscal pressure.”
The mechanism of ozone treatment of herniated discs can be attributed to: 1) oxidation of proteoglycans and enhancement of glycolysis.
After ozone injection into the nucleus pulposus, it can directly oxidize the proteoglycan complex, while ozone combines with water in the nucleus pulposus to generate reactive oxygen species, which can destroy the double bonds in the amino acids and ?CH groups in the proteoglycan complex. b) Destruction of nucleus pulposus cells and fibrosis of the nucleus pulposus matrix. Ozone destroys unsaturated fatty acids, cholesterol and other functional protein groups of cell membranes, thus altering cell membrane permeability. ②Anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. The anti-inflammatory mechanism of ozone mainly includes: 1) stimulating the release of cytokines and immunosuppressive factors that antagonize the inflammatory response; 2) stimulating the overexpression of antioxidant enzymes to neutralize the excess ROS in the inflammatory response; 3) stimulating the release of NO and PDGF from the endothelium of cells to cause vasodilation, thus achieving the effect of promoting the absorption of inflammation; 4) inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis and inhibiting the release of bradykinin and pain complexes. Experts believe that the analgesic mechanism of ozone works by inhibiting the unmyelinated damage system and by stimulating inhibitory interneurons and releasing enkephalins.
Soft tissue diseases
Chronic injury inflammation of soft tissues such as lumbar muscle strain and frozen shoulder is mainly treated clinically with symptomatic treatment and improvement of function. Local injection of ozone into the lesion is used to improve the discomfort symptoms by using the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect of ozone. The aim of treatment of pear-shaped muscle syndrome is to relieve the congestion, edema, spasm and hypertrophy of the pear-shaped muscle in a series of acute and chronic aseptic inflammatory process, and release its stimulation and compression of the sciatic nerve, using ozone treatment of aseptic inflammation, not only can quickly relieve pain, but also in reducing tissue congestion, promote edema dissipation, and improve the function of significant effect.
In clinical applications, ozone in excess will increase oxidative stress and lead to cell death, and trace amounts of ozone will not be sufficient to produce clinical therapeutic effects, so the appropriate dose of ozone is the key in clinical applications. Different tissues have different tolerance to ozone, so it is necessary to further study the use of different concentrations of ozone to treat different areas and different diseases, so as not to produce oxidative damage but also to achieve the purpose of curing the disease.
Ozone therapy technology – intra-articular cavity treatment method.
Knee synovitis, bursitis, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthrosis, degenerative diseases of the femoral joint, etc.
Treatment principle: Intra-articular ozone injection injects different concentrations of trioxane into the lesion through joint cavity puncture according to the patient’s different conditions in order to achieve the purpose of treatment.
1. Intra-articular cavity puncture is performed by repeatedly flushing the diseased joint cavity with saline several times to facilitate the removal of inflammatory exudates and fine diseased tissue debris shed from the original diseased joint fluid and to reduce inflammatory substances.
2. Eliminate inflammation and exudation of the synovial membrane of the joint by injecting 20-80ug/ml ozone 5 – 20ml around the joint and into the joint cavity for 1 – 3 minutes.
3. Depending on the condition, the injection can be combined with drugs at the same time, and sodium hyaluronate, which is a physiologically necessary substance in the body, is given into the joint cavity to increase the biological function of lubrication and resistance to mechanical forces.
Intra-articular ozone injection therapy can eliminate joint swelling and relieve joint pain within 6 to 24 hours, achieving the purpose of treating osteoarthritis and restoring joint function, which is currently the only best treatment option for arthritis and overcomes the problem of easy rebound of joint cavity drug injection.
Advantages: Green, natural and comprehensive treatment, a new means of targeting the location of the patient’s pain, ensuring the targeting and effectiveness of treatment.
Intracavitary hip joint injection therapy.
Indications: Femoral head necrosis
Treatment principle: Ischemia is the culprit of femoral head necrosis, if the problem of ischemia is solved, it is a fundamental cure of femoral head necrosis.
Ozone has instant strong oxidizing property, which is reduced to oxygen after injection, increasing the blood oxygen concentration and normalizing the blood supply to the femoral head, thus treating femoral head necrosis fundamentally. At the same time, ozone can quickly relieve local sterile inflammation, so that the fluid disappears and the bone’s has been repaired. Pain can be rapidly relieved, and it can also oxidize cholesterol and various toxic substances, and stimulate and enhance the immunity of the body, and change the state of oxygen deprivation of the femoral head bone caused by long time ischemia. In addition, ozone can act directly on the nerve endings to achieve analgesic effect.
The ozone intervention needle is only 0.8mm thick and the patient does not feel any pain at all. In general, patients can get satisfactory results with 2-3 injections, and in severe cases, only 4-5 injections are needed to achieve significant results. The best results are achieved when combined with the “local joint capsule needle release” therapy.
Ozone local injection therapy
Indications: Lumbar muscle strain, frozen shoulder, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis.
Treatment principle: acute and chronic injuries of soft tissues such as lumbar muscle strain and frozen shoulder are mainly caused by aseptic inflammation, which leads to symptoms.
Ozone is injected locally into the lesion to improve the discomfort symptoms by using the unique rapid anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect of ozone. The aim of the treatment of pear-shaped muscle syndrome is to relieve a series of acute and chronic aseptic inflammatory processes such as congestion, edema, spasm and hyperplasia of the pear-shaped muscle, and to relieve its stimulation and compression of the sciatic nerve. Using ozone to treat aseptic inflammation not only provides rapid pain relief, but also has significant effects in reducing tissue congestion, promoting edema dissipation and improving function.
(1) Ozone injection includes two methods: intradiscal injection and intervertebral foramen injection.
Intradiscal injection requires a good command of discography to correctly locate the diseased disc and inject ozone into the target disc. The patient is usually placed in a prone position with a pillow on the abdomen, and after sterilization and towel laying, the target disc is identified using the fluoroscopic **** method. After local anesthesia, a 22 G needle is inserted laterally and posteriorly through the safety triangle into the affected disc. The needle tip was positioned in the middle of the disc in the C-arm orthotropic position and in the middle and posterior 1/3 junction of the disc in the lateral position. A freshly prepared 30 μg/ml ozone was extracted from the ozone generator, injected into the intervertebral disc in 4 ml, and then withdrawn to the intervertebral foramen, where another 10 m l was injected around the foramen. 30 m in after the injection, the patient was returned to the ward and placed on bed rest for 24 h. The injection could be repeated after 1 week according to the patient’s response.
In recent years, ozone therapy has become an increasingly widely used treatment method in clinical practice. This non-mainstream medical treatment method can replace the main methods that are limited by the amount of pharmaceutical agents and various pathological conditions that are not suitable for conventional treatment, and it helps to stabilize the disrupted self-regulatory balance, improve the functional status of organs and systems, and activate the body’s self-protection ability. The use of ozone therapy is very common in foreign countries. In a series of international professional conferences in recent years, including the Fourth All-Russian Conference of Applied Sciences, a large amount of experimental and clinical data on the use of triple oxygen therapy was published and accumulated, which clearly pointed out the medical usefulness of triple oxygen from both sides, determined the basic methods of using triple oxygen, and made the parameters of the original treatment methods more clear.