1.Immediately rinse with cold water
If minor, you can first flush with a lot of cold water to reduce the heat of the injury, the flushing time should be at least 20 minutes, also can be used to repeatedly apply white wine to the affected area. However, the disposal method of burns varies according to the degree, and is determined by the depth and width of the burns.
After the scald will form blisters, should hurry with clothes soak into the water, and then undress after settling, barely take off or cut clothes, often hurt the skin, if not sure to go to the hospital for disposal.
2.The number and area of burns
Even if the range is small, if it reaches the depth of the skin, it is a serious burn, in addition, infants and children are prone to shock, so attention should be paid to it. Burns on the face or pubic area initially require treatment by a specialist, and the baby’s hands and feet are prone to scarring or contracture, so do not just change or stop treatment.
①Depth of burns.
First degree – skin is red, swollen and painful.
Second degree – blisters and ulcers are formed.
The third degree – the most serious, the skin and tissue are completely injured, forming ulcer-like.
② Area of burns.
The severity of burns can be determined by the percentage of the body surface area. If the baby is 15% of degree II, or 10% of degree III, it is considered serious, even if it is the first degree of burns, if the whole body reaches 5% to 10%, then whole body treatment is required.
If the burns on the face, eyes, or vulva reach Ⅱ degree or more, even if the area is 1% to 2%, hospitalization is necessary.
3.Do not rub the medicine
If you rinse the scalded area with a lot of cold water, most of the dirt on the scalded surface will be washed off, so it is best not to rub any kind of medicine, wrap it with a clean cloth such as gauze or towel, and send it to the hospital immediately for treatment. In addition, do not break the blisters, cover them with clean gauze and send them directly to the hospital.
4.First aid treatment of burns
①Minor burns.
The baby’s body surface area is very small, so a little burn can become very serious, and except for fairly minor burns, they should be treated in the hospital. When you go to the hospital, you should also use a cold compress wrapped in a towel ice pack.
The skin only turns red, there are no blisters, and the burns can be treated at home if they are small. However, after 3 days, you must go to the hospital.
The following methods of treatment are available
Rinse with tap water for more than 20 minutes until it does not hurt. Gently shower your face or head or pour water on your hands. Do not rub any medicine. Next cover with clean gauze or towel and wrap the bandage tightly. Top the bandage with a cold pack of water for about one night.
Just observe the situation for 48 hours after the injury. When blood oozes out of the gauze, it proves that the scalded area has deteriorated and should be taken to the hospital directly for treatment.
If you need to rub, go to the hospital and buy some drops or put unused Vaseline ointment in a tube on the burned surface. The burn should generally be exposed and does not need to be wrapped, but care should be taken to contaminate the wound.
②Severe burns.
When the area of burns is large (a pair of hands or the whole chest), first apply cold compresses, regardless of any burns should be immediately flushed under the tap for 20-30 minutes, by this method can ease the pain and also make the burns no longer expand.
For face, apply cold compress with wet towel, if it is face burn, you can keep applying cold compress with wet towel, in order to avoid hurting cornea, do not wipe eyes.
In case of burns, do not take off the clothes reluctantly, you should drench the water directly on the clothes and then take them off, and the cuffs can be cut with scissors.
After adequate cold compresses, the affected part should be wrapped in a clean towel and sent to the hospital. If it is the wrist, a towel should be used to hang the hand on the shoulder, and if it is the foot, the patient should be picked up and taken to the surgery, and should not apply medicine by himself.
For severe burns, call an ambulance and apply a cold compress while contacting an ambulance to take the patient to the hospital as soon as possible.