Genital herpes is caused by herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection. Because of the often atypical clinical presentation of genital herpes, the presence of asymptomatic viral shedding, the difficulty of clinical interpretation of HSV-1 antibody positivity, the difference between herpes flare-up therapy and suppressive therapy, the prevention and treatment of HSV during pregnancy, how to avoid HSV infection in newborns, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infection with HSV, clinical practitioners are troubled by the June 5, 2015 Dr. Workowski of the Centers for Disease Control led dozens of top professors in the specialty of STDs to jointly release the latest STD treatment guidelines, which have the following updates compared with the 2010 guidelines: 1) Epidemiological and awareness aspects: a) an increasing proportion of anal genital herpes virus infections due to HSV-1 in young women and male to male contacts; b) HSV should be eliminated from causing cancer misconceptions. (2) Laboratory tests: a) Type-specific glycoprotein G (gG)-based HSV serologic tests are recommended for clinical use; b) HSV type-specific virologic and serologic tests are emphasized for those suspected of or infected with other STDs; c) PCR tests can be used for the diagnosis of systemic HSV infection in addition to HSV central nervous system testing; d) HSV-1 or HSV-2 tests are not recommended. -1 or HSV-2 IgM antibody test (not type-specific test); e) direct immunofluorescence (IF) test with fluorescein-labeled monoclonal antibody is not recommended (low sensitivity). 3) Treatment: a) Treatment should not be limited to treating a single acute episode of genital herpes, but should target the chronic course of genital herpes; b) All first-time genital herpes patients need to receive antiviral therapy; c) HSV encephalitis requires 21-day intravenous treatment; d) The presence of HSV resistance requires isolation of the virus for susceptibility testing; e) There have been no adverse fetal or neonatal effects due to the use of aciclovir (e) No adverse fetal or neonatal effects have been reported as a result of acyclovir use, so it can be safely used to treat pregnant women at all stages of pregnancy as well as lactating women; f) Data from animal trials indicate a low risk of prenatal application of vaxilovir and famciclovir treatment. 4) For prevention: a) long-term and correct condom use reduces genital herpes transmission (but does not prevent it completely); b) suppressive therapy for HIV and HSV co-infection does not reduce the risk of HIV or HSV-2 infection in susceptible partners; c) the effectiveness of antiviral therapy to reduce the risk of HSV transmission from HSV-positive sexual partners in pregnant women is unknown.