Pneumoconiosis is a chronic disease, a preventable and treatable condition, and mild cases can have no impact on survival time. The prognosis of the patient depends mainly on the type of pneumoconiosis, the stage, the condition of the lung function and the presence of comorbidities. Proactive measures such as timely discharge from occupational dust work, smoking cessation, active health management monitoring, timely control of comorbidities, enabling patients to make lifestyle changes, and health education to improve pneumoconiosis patients’ awareness of their disease are all beneficial in improving the prognosis of pneumoconiosis patients.