Retinopathy occurs in about 10% of diabetics 5 to 9 years after they get the disease, in about 50% after 15 years, and in 80 to 90% after 25 years. Among patients who have had diabetes for more than 30 years, about 25% suffer from proliferative diabetic retinopathy, and about 2-7% are blinded by retinopathy. I. Staging Diabetic retinopathy can be divided into early background lesions and late proliferative lesions, of which proliferative diabetic retinopathy can lead to extreme vision loss and even blindness, which is extremely dangerous. Symptoms At the early stage of the lesion, there are usually no obvious conscious symptoms, but with the development of the disease, it can cause different degrees of vision loss. If the macular area is involved, the patient will feel a central dark shadow, loss of vision and distortion of visual objects. If there is a small amount of hemorrhage from the retina into the vitreous, one will feel a black shadow floating in front of the eyes. When there is a large amount of neovascular hemorrhage into the vitreous, the vision will be severely reduced, even only light perception. When the retinal vessels are occluded, or when retinal detachment occurs, a large area of visual field loss can occur. Advanced proliferative diabetic retinopathy can lead to neovascular glaucoma. Patients will not only be blind, but also feel severe pain because of the uncontrollable high intraocular pressure, which is very painful. Regular checkups The occurrence and development of diabetic retinopathy is related to the age of onset of diabetes, the length of the disease, genetic factors and the control of diabetes, so diabetic patients must control their blood sugar and go to the eye for regular checkups. Patients who have not yet developed retinopathy can be examined once every 3 to 6 months, and if eye problems suddenly occur, they should seek medical attention in time to avoid delaying their condition. Treatment There is no drug treatment for diabetic retinopathy that is better targeted. The key to treatment is to perform whole retinal photocoagulation to stop and delay the progression of the disease in the pre-proliferative phase. Therefore, regular fundus examinations, especially dilated pupil examinations, and fundus fluorescence angiography are required if necessary. Total retinal photocoagulation is a method to preserve as much central vision as possible by sacrificing some of the peripheral vision, so there may be a loss of vision after surgery, which many patients do not understand and are reluctant to receive treatment. However, if the treatment is missed, so that the retinal lesion develops to the proliferative stage, a large number of neovascularization, retinal proliferation membrane or even retinal detachment, not only the loss of vision can not be restored, and then want to play laser also can not, some patients can only through vitrectomy to improve a little vision, some even surgery can not save their vision, more serious due to secondary glaucoma is difficult to In more serious cases, secondary glaucoma is difficult to control and requires eye removal surgery. Surgical treatment is mainly used to treat the complications of proliferative retinopathy, such as: vitreous hemorrhage caused by neovascularization, retinal detachment caused by retinal vitreous proliferation strips pulling and retinal detachment of foramen ovale origin. The purpose of surgical treatment is to remove the cloudy vitreous, remove the retinal vitreous proliferation lesion, restore the detached retina, buy time, perform photocoagulation treatment early, make the retina reach anatomical reset, improve macular function, improve visual acuity, and prevent further development of the lesion. Therefore, diabetic retinopathy is a disease that can be detected early and treated early to avoid blindness. As long as patients control their blood sugar, have regular checkups and cooperate with treatment, the disease can be completely controlled.