Arthralgia: is the most common symptom of joint disease. Depending on the cause and course of the disease, arthralgia can be acute or chronic. Acute arthralgia is characterized by inflammatory reactions in the joints and their surrounding tissues, while chronic arthralgia is characterized by hypertrophy of the joint capsule and osteophytes. The following is a brief description of the common diseases that cause arthralgia and their clinical characteristics: Tian Hongtao, Department of Orthopaedics, Wuhan Union Medical College Hospital Degenerative arthritis: also known as osteoarthritis, most common in the obese elderly, more common in women, with a family history of multi-joint involvement; early manifestations of walking, standing for long periods of time, and changes in the weather is the pain in the diseased joints, after resting to ease the pain. If the affected joints for the metacarpophalangeal joints and interphalangeal joints, in addition to joint pain, patients often feel stiff and swollen fingers, activities are inconvenient. If the knee joint is involved: often accompanied by joint effusion, elevated skin temperature, pain at the edge of the joint; late lesion joint pain aggravated, and continued to other places, joint friction, activity, there is a ringing sound, the patient often limp. Gout: often after drinking, exertion or high purine diet, acute joint pain, local skin redness, swelling and heat pain, patients often wake up at night pain, the whole body can be involved in all sizes of joints, to the first metatarsophalangeal joints, joint deformity, skin ulceration and so on in the late stage can occur. Traumatic arthralgia: Pain, swelling and dysfunction of damaged joints often occur after trauma, such as ankle sprains. Chronic traumatic arthritis has a clear history of trauma, such as meniscus injury, etc.; recurrent joint pain, often induced by excessive activity and weight bearing and cold weather and other stimuli, relieved by medication and physical therapy; rheumatoid arthritis: most of them are caused by a single joint, and the first pain is felt in the interphalangeal joint of the middle finger. Rheumatoid arthritis: the onset of the disease is acute, often after streptococcal infection, knee, ankle, shoulder, hip joints are common. Redness, swelling, heat and pain in the diseased joints, which is wandering, and the swelling is short and disappears quickly, without leaving joint stiffness and deformity; Metabolic bone disease: Osteoporosis, diabetes mellitus, hyperparathyroidism and other reasons leading to vitamin D deficiency caused by osteoarthrosis; Tuberculous arthritis: Mostly found in children and adolescents, the spine is the most common, followed by the hip and the knee joints. During the active period, there are often fatigue, low fever, night sweating and decreased appetite; pain aggravated by activity of the lesion joints, sinus tracts can be formed next to the joints, and secretions can be seen; septic arthritis: acute onset of disease, obvious symptoms of systemic toxicity, early onset of chills, chills, and fever, with temperature as high as 39℃ or more; redness, swelling and pain of the lesion joints, patients often feel persistent pain in the lesion joints, and severe dysfunction of the joints, and activity of all directions, causing severe pain; osteoarthritis: mostly found in children and adolescents, most common in spine, followed by hip and knee joints. Bone and joint tumor: all kinds of benign and malignant tumors of bone can cause joint pain and joint activity disorder. Other diseases: such as achalasia, lumbar disc herniation, etc., due to the change of the lower limb weight-bearing line and cause secondary pain in the joints of the lower limbs; Growing pains: such patients are mainly in the growing period of children, boys are more common. The pain site is common in the knee joint, hip joint and so on. This is a normal physiological phenomenon that occurs during the growth and development of children.