Some endometrial polyps have the potential to become cancerous and can cause endometrial cancer. The cancer rate of asymptomatic endometrial polyps with diameter <1cm is very low, but large size of polyps and high blood pressure are high risk factors for cancer. The cancer rate will increase with age. The cancer rate is 0.5%-1% in women of childbearing age, and can be as high as 10%-15% in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women. Female hormones include estrogen and progesterone. Estrogen can cause endometrial hyperplasia, while progesterone can change the endometrium from the proliferative phase to the secretory phase and inhibit its proliferation. When progesterone is deficient, the endometrium can lead to the formation of endometrial polyps under the effect of a single estrogen for a long time due to the lack of antagonistic effect of progesterone. Some studies have shown that some endometrial cancers originate from endometrial polyps. As women age and their hormone levels decline, endometrial polyps are unable to antagonize endometrial hyperplasia due to the lack of progesterone, and long-term endometrial hyperplasia is prone to carcinogenesis. Factors such as advanced age, obesity, late menopause, diabetes, hypertension and tamoxifen treatment are both high-risk factors for the occurrence of endometrial polyps and for causing endometrial cancer. Therefore, patients with these high-risk factors need to actively treat the original disease and have regular checkups.