With the improvement of people’s living standard, changes in diet structure, increase in alcohol consumption and relative lag in preventive health measures, the incidence of fatty liver is increasing year by year, and there is a trend of lower age onset. It can occur in all age groups, with 40-50 years old being the most common. Alcoholic fatty liver is mostly seen in men, while non-alcoholic fatty liver was thought to be predominantly female in the past, but in recent years it is believed that the incidence of men and women is almost equal. In general, the more economically developed countries and regions are, the higher the incidence of fatty liver, and the main causes are overnutrition and alcoholism. This is why fatty liver is also known as the “disease of the rich”. In some poor areas, the lack of protein and calorie intake can also cause fatty liver. Therefore, fatty liver is not just for fat people, it can also occur in thin people. Why is this? First, let’s get to know fatty liver. The fat in a normal liver consists of the following components: 50% phospholipids, 20% triglycerides, 20% free fatty acids, 7% cholesterol and 3% cholesteryl esters. If the ratio of these components in the liver is normal, the liver can function normally and is a healthy liver; if the ratio is abnormal, it may be a sign that liver fat metabolism has become impaired. The fat content of our normal liver is only 3%-5% of the total weight of the liver. If the total fat accumulation in the liver is too much, more than 5%, or if the liver tissue becomes fatty to more than 50%, then it is fatty liver. Clinically, the common causes of fatty liver are excessive alcohol consumption, obesity, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, malnutrition, certain toxins and drugs, and genetic diseases. Of these, the first four are the most common, and sometimes several factors coexist. In addition, also with the diet structure and lifestyle: 1, unreasonable dietary structure: always eat large fish and meat, eating too much fat (especially animal fat); 2, poor eating habits: such as often do not eat breakfast, sleep before eating, excessive intake and like to eat snacks; 3, poor lifestyle: such as sleep, sit more and move less, too much TV, stay up late playing mahjong; 4, mental depression, life 4, mental depression, life is scattered, etc. Most patients with fatty liver have no obvious symptoms, or only mild fatigue, loss of appetite, abdominal distension, belching, swelling and discomfort in the liver area. The course and prognosis of fatty liver vary from cause to cause. Non-alcoholic fatty liver has a relatively long course and is generally benign, but about 30% of cases will develop steatohepatitis, while 15%-50% of alcoholic fatty liver will develop liver fibrosis and 7%-25% can progress to cirrhosis. Of course, if one can completely stop drinking, the fat in the liver can gradually subside after 1 month or several months, but if one continues to drink alcohol, cirrhosis may develop within a few years. Once it progresses to cirrhosis, the prognosis is the same as that of general cirrhosis. So how can you tell if it is a fatty liver? Imaging tests such as ultrasound and CT are the primary methods of examination. It has been confirmed that the presence or absence of fatty liver and its degree of severity can be initially determined by ultrasound and/or CT, and the type of fat distribution in the liver can be determined. This means whether the fatty liver is diffuse or focal. In addition, ultrasound or CT can also indicate the presence of cirrhosis and intrahepatic tumors. It should be said that ultrasound is also the most economical and rapid, non-invasive test nowadays. Therefore, people who are at high risk of fatty liver are reminded to have ultrasound examination of your liver regularly. This is also the best way to detect fatty liver at an early stage. It is possible that some patients may also require liver histology to explore the cause and clarify the diagnosis. Fatty liver is associated with a variety of factors such as genetic susceptibility, environmental factors, and metabolic disorders. Therefore, we need to focus on prevention, adhere to basic treatment, and rational use of medication. Particular emphasis is placed on correcting poor lifestyles. Strengthen physical exercise, do some exercises such as jogging, fast walking, cycling, going up and down stairs, swimming, etc. appropriately. In addition, eat more coarse grains, fruits and vegetables. Most mild or moderate simple fatty liver will not usually progress and may disappear after such basic treatment. In contrast, for those with steatohepatitis or those with high risk factors that induce progressive liver disease, appropriate medication may be applied as adjunctive therapy to promote fat loss in the liver and inhibit necrosis, inflammation, fibrosis and further deterioration of hepatocytes that may be accompanied by other metabolic syndromes. In conclusion, the prevention and treatment of fatty liver disease requires the active cooperation of both physicians and patients. Mutual understanding and respect, open communication about the analysis of eating habits, exercise, lifestyle and the options of ways that can be improved. It is also important to note that in the process of weight loss, one needs to be wary of losing weight too quickly. If the weight loss is greater than 5 kg per month, it is “too fast”, which is very dangerous and can lead to liver failure or subacute non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, which can be life-threatening. Therefore, weight loss is important to persist, speed is not enough. Now introduce the formula of body mass index: body mass index (BMI) = weight (kg) / height (m) squared, the normal value is 20-24, suggesting normal; <20 for thin; 25-26.5 for overweight; >26.5 for obese. Finally, may we all eat reasonably, exercise properly, and live a healthy life so that fatty liver stays away from you and me!