The survival time after surgery for renal artery stenosis is related to the treatment and the severity of the lesion, and cannot be generalized. Stenosis of the renal artery leads to impairment of renal perfusion and changes in the filtration rate of the kidney, which may result in kidney failure, hypertension, and other pathological conditions. Once the diagnosis is clear, the prognosis is relatively good if treated with early surgery. The current surgical protocol is mainly based on renal arterioplasty to actively correct hypertension while preventing renal failure. Therefore, early active surgery, after effective treatment, the survival time may not be affected; if the treatment is not timely, or the kidney function has already failed, the surgical plan may need to be adjusted at this time and nephrectomy is considered, and the survival time will be relatively short at this time. Usually, attention should be paid to regular physical examination and review, and for persistent intractable hypertension, be alert to the possibility of this lesion and seek early medical examination to clarify the diagnosis.