There are many causes of hypertension, but this type of hypertension, renal artery ischemic hypertension, has only gradually received attention since Gold-blatt confirmed in 1934 that inadequate blood supply to the renal artery can also cause hypertension through animal experiments, and with the development of various new examination methods and related With the development of new tests and the improvement of basic theories, the mystery of this type of hypertension has gradually been unveiled. Nowadays, ischemic renal artery hypertension can be completely cured by surgical treatment. The etiology of renal arterial ischemic hypertension is due to stenosis or occlusion of the renal artery, either directly or indirectly due to lesion invasion or compression. Depending on their pathological changes, the most common causes are atherosclerotic plaques, fibromuscular proliferation and embolism or thrombosis. Aortitis is also relatively common in our country. Aortitis can often involve the beginning of the renal artery, thus narrowing its lumen. Less common causes include progressive renal artery stenosis, radiation arteritis, and retroperitoneal fibroplasia. As a result of renal artery stenosis or occlusion, blood flow to the kidney is reduced, leading to excessive renin production in the kidney, which increases blood campathin II and aldosterone in the body through the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. The former increases blood pressure by strongly constricting blood vessels, while the latter increases fluid volume in the body by promoting water and salt retention, thus causing uncontrollable hypertension. Renal arterial ischemic hypertension is not significantly different in form from other types of hypertension. However, it has some characteristics, such as no family history of hypertension; sudden onset of hypertension or sudden exacerbation of existing hypertension; hypertension after abdominal or lumbar pain or injury. Sometimes it is accompanied by hematuria, etc. Therefore, if one suffers from hypertension and matches the above symptoms; one should highly suspect renal artery ischemic hypertension. Correct diagnosis of renal artery ischemic hypertension To make a correct diagnosis of renal artery ischemic hypertension; some necessary tests should be done, such as excretory urography to observe the size of the kidneys, the visualization and the anatomical image and functional status of the renal calyces, renal pelvis and ureter; split renal function test to directly detect the specific function of the kidneys on both sides; radioisotope examination is also a good The radioisotope examination is also a good screening tool to understand the function of each side of the kidney; renin activity measurement, on the other hand, not only helps to diagnose, but also is an important basis to decide the indications for surgery and predict the efficacy. However, the most important test is the abdominal aorta-renal artery angiography, through which the image of the abdominal aorta, renal artery, its branches and renal parenchyma can be observed, so as to clarify the scope and degree of renal artery stenosis or occlusion, and provide a basis for the development of the correct surgical method. With the development of technology, several new non-invasive examination means are now available: spiral CT, magnetic resonance arteriography (MRA), and dual-powered color ultrasound, all of which are gradually being used in clinical practice. Treatment of renal artery ischemic hypertension Treatment of renal artery ischemic hypertension, in addition to the application of medical treatment for patients who are inappropriate or inoperable, surgical treatment should be performed once the diagnosis of this type of disease is confirmed. The surgical procedure is renal artery reconstruction, which can be performed in the following ways depending on the lesion: endarterectomy for patients with atherosclerotic stenosis of the renal artery opening; abdominal aortic-renal artery bypass grafting. For bilateral renal artery lesions; renal artery stenosis segmental resection, for patients with short and limited stenosis; and autologous renal transplantation. For patients with extensive lesions in the abdominal aorta. Patients who are not suitable for any of the above procedures; renal artery balloon dilatation with an internal support angioplasty is a minimally invasive procedure. However, this procedure has the disadvantages of incomplete relief of blood pressure, high recurrence rate and high price. In conclusion, renal artery ischemic hypertension is one of the diseases in the family of hypertension that can be completely cured by surgery, which not only can eliminate the pain and trouble of taking antihypertensive drugs for life and not satisfactorily controlling blood pressure, but more importantly, by completely relieving hypertension, patients can be spared from secondary lesions of heart, brain, eyes, kidneys and other important vital organs, which not only prolongs patients’ lives but also provides them with good quality of life. quality of life.