Renal artery stenosis hypertension is the most common type of secondary hypertension, accounting for about 5% to 10% of hypertensive patients. There are many causes of renal artery stenosis, such as atherosclerosis, abnormal fibromuscular development, polyarteritis, and renal artery hypoplasia. Why does renal artery stenosis cause hypertension? Because renal artery stenosis reduces blood flow to the kidney, stimulating the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system present in the kidney, which raises blood pressure and causes patients to develop intractable hypertension, which is difficult to control with medication. Renal artery stenosis hypertension has the following clinical manifestations: 1, more common in people under 30 years of age; 2, short medical history; 3, sudden onset of significant hypertension, or sudden aggravation of existing hypertension; 4, no family history of hypertension, 5, antihypertensive drugs are not effective; 6, the doctor can hear a vascular murmur on auscultation in the patient’s upper abdomen or lumbar spinal rib area; 7, history of lumbar trauma. Of course, the final diagnosis can only be confirmed by relying on renal arteriography. For patients with unilateral renal artery stenosis, one side of the nephrectomy was often used in the past. Nowadays, with the improvement of medical technology, renal artery reconstruction surgery and percutaneous transluminal arterioplasty (PTA) have become better methods to treat this disease, and they can “immediately” restore the blood pressure to normal. People who suffer from hypertension and have poor results with medication, especially young people, should undergo further detailed examination to avoid misdiagnosis and mistreatment.