Malignant tumor is one of the major diseases that endanger human health. The prevention and treatment of malignant tumors has become an important topic of concern to the medical profession. In the vast medical texts of Chinese medicine, the ancients had a systematic elaboration on tumors. After years of succession and development, especially in the past 50 years, through the unremitting efforts of TCM scholars and scholars of Chinese and Western medicine, TCM oncology has gradually formed an independent discipline, and the prevention and treatment of malignant tumors by TCM has gradually become scientific and standardized. The role of TCM in tumor prevention and treatment is becoming more and more prominent, and it has shown obvious advantages in the clinical prevention and treatment of tumors. Its advantages and characteristics are mainly as follows: 1. The concept of human-oriented and survival with tumor is highlighted Nowadays, the concept of cancer treatment has undergone fundamental changes, and the treatment mode of taking disease as the core and maximizing tumor killing has been changing to the humanized treatment direction of taking patients as the core and seeking the best quality of life. In modern medicine, the evaluation of the efficacy of treating malignant tumors is mostly focused on the reduction of tumor and the prolongation of survival time, especially the reduction of tumor, but little regard to the patient’s survival quality. However, the efficacy of TCM in treating malignant tumors is more reflected in the improvement of clinical symptoms and quality of life, and many patients can achieve “survival with tumor” after treatment. This is undoubtedly a blessing for tumor patients. This reflects the “people-oriented” concept of Chinese medicine in treating tumors. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are important methods of treating malignant tumors in modern medicine, but although radiotherapy can directly kill tumor cells, it can also damage normal tissue cells; the side effects of chemotherapy drugs are mainly bone marrow suppression, gastrointestinal adverse reactions, as well as affecting heart, liver and kidney functions. Due to these side effects, they bring great pain to patients and severely limit their clinical use. In contrast, Chinese medicine, on the basis of evidence-based treatment, according to the patient’s deficiency of positive qi (qi, blood, yin and yang) and the prevalence of evil qi (phlegm, stasis and toxicity), formulates corresponding treatment rules, which can not only improve the efficacy of radiotherapy and chemotherapy, but also reduce various toxic side effects of radiotherapy and chemotherapy to different degrees and increase the sensitivity of radiotherapy and chemotherapy. After surgery, in order to consolidate the effect of surgery and prevent metastasis and recurrence, radiotherapy and chemotherapy are often needed to treat malignant tumors. However, these methods inevitably produce therapeutic reactions, such as nausea and vomiting, inability to eat well and other gastrointestinal symptoms, as well as the decrease of white blood cells, which lead to the decrease of patients’ physical strength. Chinese medicine treatment can effectively reduce the gastrointestinal reactions caused by the above treatments, maintain a normal diet, and facilitate nutrient absorption, so that patients can gradually recover their strength and ensure the successful completion of radiotherapy and chemotherapy. 4.Preventing metastasis and recurrence During the consolidation and recovery period, the patient has already passed the clinical treatment period, and the western medical treatments such as surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy are no longer applicable, while the Chinese medicine method can further improve the immune function of the body, eliminate the abnormalities of the cancer-causing internal environment in the body, induce the differentiation and apoptosis of the residual cancer cells, improve the functions of all organs of the body, effectively prevent recurrence and metastasis, consolidate the treatment period The treatment effect can be consolidated to achieve complete recovery. It fully embodies the concept of “treating the disease before it happens” in TCM. In addition, there are many specific methods for the treatment of tumors, such as the method of supporting the root, activating blood circulation and removing blood stasis, clearing heat and detoxifying toxins, and softening and dispersing knots. The methods of Chinese medicine for treating malignant tumors are also flexible and diverse, such as single experimental prescriptions as Plum Blossom Dots Tongue Dan, Zeng Sheng Ping, Liu Wei Di Huang Wan, Ginseng Lotus Tablets, Liver Fule and so on. External medicine includes Toadstool pain relief cream, which has the effect of activating blood circulation, removing blood stasis, reducing swelling and relieving pain. It has been clinically observed that it has good analgesic effect on cancer pain caused by lung cancer, liver cancer, stomach cancer and pancreatic cancer, and has no addictive and toxic side effects. According to rough statistics, about 70% of tumor patients in China are receiving different degrees of TCM treatment. Chinese medicine has its inherent characteristics and advantages in the treatment of tumors, and is an indispensable part of comprehensive tumor treatment. In recent years, the basic research of TCM against tumor has been further developed from the original cellular level to the molecular and genetic level. Research shows that the anti-tumor effect of Chinese medicine is multi-directional, multi-path and cross-acting. It is mainly through inducing cell differentiation, promoting apoptosis, regulating immune function, directly killing tumor cells, inhibiting tumor neovascularization, reversing multidrug resistance of tumor cells, anti-mutagenesis, and resisting metastasis of tumor cells, etc. to play its role in tumor prevention and treatment. With the increase of tumor incidence, the international antitumor drug market has great potential and is growing at a high rate. In the past 50 years, through the joint efforts of TCM oncology experts and scholars, TCM has made promising achievements in several clinical fields of tumor. In the future, we will continue to inherit the essence of traditional Chinese medicine, continuously improve the overall level of the TCM oncology research team, make reasonable use of the latest modern scientific research results, and organically integrate scientific research, clinical and R&D in order to enable the TCM oncology research results to be widely recognized by the international academic community. It is foreseeable that TCM will play an increasingly important role in the comprehensive treatment of tumors and will certainly make its due contribution to the cause of mankind’s ultimate conquest of tumors.