Precordial heart disease does not usually heal on its own and requires surgical or interventional treatment. However, for ventricular septal defect or atrial septal defect, which has a small caliber, it has little effect on the function and growth of the child’s heart. However, due to the presence of heart murmur in children, which has certain impact on future education, employment and marriage, and the surgery is now very mature, some parents still choose surgery due to these social factors. There are also some small defects, such as sub-stem ventricular defects, which can have a great impact even if they are small, due to their proximity to the aortic valve, and the high left-to-right shunt flow is prone to early combined pulmonary hypertension, which requires aggressive surgical treatment. The best timing of surgery depends on a variety of factors, including the complexity of the congenital malformation, the age and weight of the child, and the systemic development and nutritional status. Generally for simple congenital heart, it is recommended to be 1 – 5 years old, because too young, low weight, poor systemic development and nutritional status will increase the risk of surgery; too old, the heart will compensate for the increase in size, and some will even have increased pulmonary artery pressure, which will also increase the difficulty of surgery and longer recovery time after surgery. For those with combined pulmonary hypertension, serious congenital malformations that affect growth and development, malformations that threaten the life of the child, or complex malformations that require staged surgery, the earlier the surgery the better, regardless of age.