Blood pressure in the population increases with age, with a linear increase in systolic pressure between the ages of 30 and 84 years, while diastolic pressure stops increasing after the age of 50 years, and after the age of 65 years, diastolic pressure begins to decrease, resulting in a larger pulse pressure difference in the elderly. There are 2 common types of hypertension in the elderly, one is systolic hypertension in the elderly, that is, only systolic pressure increased, systolic pressure ≥ 140mmHg, while diastolic pressure in the normal range, <90mmHg. two is common hypertension, that is, blood pressure ≥ 140/90mmHg. and the former is more common. The causes of hypertension in the elderly: 1, arterial vascular fiber reduction, calcification, atherosclerosis, etc., so that the elasticity of the elderly blood vessels decreased significantly. 2, changes in neurohumoral factors, decline in constrictive clearance, changes in pressure receptors, etc. 3, increased platelet function, increased thrombogenic and vasoconstrictive substances in platelets, aggravated vasoconstriction and blood viscosity, increased peripheral resistance. 4, increased sodium sensitivity, so that water and sodium retention in the body, blood pressure increased. Elderly hypertension is mostly mild to moderate hypertension, and if there is urinary microalbumin, increased nocturia, dominant proteinuria, and elevated blood creatinine, all represent hypertensive renal damage. Most studies have concluded that varying degrees of glomerulosclerosis, interstitial fibrosis, and subsequent decline in renal function occur with 5-10 years of sustained hypertension. The incidence of nephrosclerosis is positively correlated with the severity and duration of hypertension. Older people often have other hypertension risk factors at the same time, such as disorders of lipid balance, diabetes, obesity, etc., which aggravate renal damage and cause renal sclerosis to be more common in the elderly and cause more renal failure. Therefore, in addition to controlling blood pressure and regularly checking urine protein, elderly patients should also control other factors that may aggravate renal failure. Other diseases that may aggravate kidney damage should also be controlled to better protect the kidneys.