Epidemic typhus, also known as louse-borne typhus or classic typhus, may recur for months to years with epidemic typhus, called recurrent typhus, which is an acute infection transmitted by Rickettsia prowazekii through body lice. It is characterized clinically by a persistent high fever, headache, a rain-like rash or maculopapular rash and central nervous system symptoms, and generally lasts for 2-3 weeks. Its clinical manifestations can generally be divided into two types: mild and focal, and a recurrent form of typhus. Typical symptoms are usually latent for 5-21 days, and a few patients have 2-3 days of prodromal symptoms, such as fatigue, headache, dizziness, chills, and low-grade fever. Most of the cases have an acute onset with cold, severe headache, peripheral muscle pain, and conjunctival and facial congestion. Mild cases are more common, probably related to the immunity level of the population, and are usually febrile, but with a low fever: around 39°C and a short fever duration: 8-9 days. The rash is a congestive maculopapular rash, seen on the chest and abdomen, and in some patients there is no rash. The neurological symptoms are milder and its duration is shorter, mainly headache, and the liver and spleen are not necessarily large.