A 2011 national epidemiological survey study showed that more than 10% of Chinese patients suffer from diabetes, which means that one in every 10 people has diabetes, a staggering number. Diabetic retinopathy is one of the most important and common complications of diabetes. According to domestic and international literature, the average prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in diabetic patients is as high as 50%, and the annual growth rate of blindness due to diabetic retinopathy is about 9%. A large number of long-term epidemiological surveys at home and abroad have shown that among diabetic patients with a disease duration greater than 15 years, 97% of type I diabetic patients, 80% of type II diabetic patients using insulin and 55% of type II diabetic patients not using insulin have retinopathy. At present, diabetic retinopathy has become one of the major irreversible blindness-causing diseases in today’s society, and must be given great attention. If diabetic retinopathy is treated early, patients often have a better visual prognosis and the cost is much lower than that required for late treatment, so diabetic retinopathy requires early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment. Even diabetic patients with completely normal vision need regular fundus examinations. Diabetic patients should be examined once a year from the onset of the disease, and if retinopathy has already appeared, the ophthalmic follow-up should be shortened, such as once every six months or three months; diabetic patients need to visit the ophthalmology department immediately if they have the following symptoms and, if necessary, undergo fundus fluorescence angiography: decreased visual acuity; blurred vision; poor visual acuity in dark environments floating objects in front of the eyes; narrowing of the visual field in both eyes, etc. In case of severe non-proliferative retinopathy or proliferative retinopathy, the following treatments are required: systemic medication to control blood glucose; local medication to treat macular edema and neovascularization, such as retrobulbar injection of tretinoin and vitreous injection of anti-VEGF; fundus laser for total retinal photocoagulation, which is the most effective treatment for diabetic retinopathy; proliferative patients with severe vision loss and vitreous In proliferative stage patients with severe vision loss and vitreous hemorrhage and proliferation, vitrectomy plus fundus laser treatment is feasible.