Assisted human reproduction technology has evolved considerably since the birth of the “test tube” baby more than 20 years ago. Especially in the last few years, the success rate of IVF has gradually increased worldwide from about 20%-25% to 30% or even higher because of the maturity of various technologies, including the improvement of cell culture fluid and the experience of medical personnel.
The literature shows that tubal effusion reduces the pregnancy and fertility rates of IVF by 50% and increases the miscarriage rate by a factor of 2.
In other words, if the success rate of IVF is 20-30%, the success rate will be 10-15% if there is fluid in the fallopian tubes, and with the increased miscarriage rate, it is crucial to treat fluid in the fallopian tubes before IVF treatment.
The reasons for this are as follows.
1, fluid retention in the fallopian tube changes the internal environment of the uterine cavity and mechanically interferes with the embryo’s contact with the uterine lining.
2. Microorganisms, debris and toxic substances contained in hydrocele affect embryo implantation, reduce embryo implantation rate and pregnancy rate, and increase miscarriage rate.
The cytokines, prostaglandins, leukocyte chemotactic factors and other inflammatory complexes released by the tissue in hydrosalpinx affect the endometrium and embryo implantation.
4. The level of endometrial beta one integrin decreases during the implantation window in patients with hydrosalpinx, which also affects endometrial receptivity.
5. Tubal effusion is often caused by infections, mostly upstream infections, which may cause endometrial damage and leave permanent effects on embryo implantation tolerance.
6. Ultrasound monitoring during IVF treatment may reveal a few tubal effusions with progressive enlargement, which may be mistaken for developing follicles and may lead to misleading medication and early administration of HCG, resulting in a decrease in the rate of mature oocytes during egg retrieval.
7. On the other hand, the fluid in the fallopian tube is mistakenly penetrated during transvaginal egg retrieval under ultrasound monitoring, and the fluid directly contaminates the oocytes and affects the fertilization of oocytes and the development of fertilized eggs.
Therefore, in order to improve the success rate of IVF and reduce the miscarriage rate, it is very necessary to start treating the hydrocele.
Tubal embolization for IVF treatment!
Interventional treatment of tubal embolization is a new method to deal with hydrosalpinx, avoiding both the pain of surgery and the impact on ovarian function. In IVF treatment cycles, the fertilization rate and egg cleavage rate are similar to those of patients with proximal tubal obstruction without hydrocele.
Interventional treatment of tubal embolization as a treatment for hydrosalpinx is an innovative and proven method with the following advantages compared to the conventional methods currently used in clinical practice:
1. The embolization of the proximal tubal is performed mechanically (our hospital uses nickel-titanium alloy microspring ring), which has no effect on the intrauterine environment.
2.It avoids a series of pains, damages, risks and complications caused by open surgery and laparoscopic surgery, etc.
The procedure is operated under DSA machine with direct vision, the operator and the patient’s family can clearly see the whole embolization process, which is easy to operate, less painful, minimally invasive, does not require anesthesia, so its risk is low, the patient is awake during the operation, the success rate of the operation is high, economical, and has no effect on ovarian function; the operation is completed in 10 minutes or so, can be treated as you go, no hospitalization and other advantages.
4. The pregnancy rate of IVF after the operation is significantly increased and the occurrence of tubal pregnancy is avoided.
5. The endocrine environment of the endometrium can be restored after the operation.