If sternal pain occurs, it may be physiological due to continuous chest movement, or it may be caused by disease factors. Common diseases that cause sternal pain are not limited to three, but may be heart disease, vascular disease, gastrointestinal disease, tracheopulmonary disease, bone disease, pleural disease, etc.: 1. Gastrointestinal disease: Gastroesophageal diseases such as reflux esophagitis and non-erosive gastroesophageal reflux disease can also cause sternal or retrosternal pain. It is usually accompanied by symptoms such as heartburn, acid reflux and epigastric distension, and the pain may be related to eating; 2. Lung diseases: some respiratory diseases such as bronchitis, pneumonia, tuberculosis and pleurisy may also cause sternal pain, often accompanied by cough, chest pain, dyspnea, fever, coughing sputum and pleural friction; 3. Chest wall diseases: trauma to the sternum such as fracture, costochondritis, intercostal neuritis and other diseases may cause sternal pain, which may have symptoms such as chest wall redness, swelling and pressure pain; 4, cardiovascular diseases: cardiovascular diseases such as acute heart attack, myocarditis, angina pectoris, aortic coarctation and pulmonary embolism may be accompanied by sternal pain. It may radiate to the back, accompanied by symptoms such as chest tightness, breath-holding or palpitations; 5. Hematological system diseases: such as leukemia, etc., symptoms of sternal pressure pain may appear, usually accompanied by symptoms such as bleeding tendency. In addition, some women with lobular hyperplasia or acute mastitis may also have sternal pain along with symptoms such as tenderness or swelling of the breast. Some myeloproliferative diseases and malignant tumors may also present with sternal pain.