Definition and main clinical features of Parkinson’s disease

  Parkinson’s disease is a common neurodegenerative disease of the middle-aged and elderly, mainly characterized by progressive degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and pathological changes in the formation of Lewy bodies, biochemical changes in the striatal region with decreased dopamine transmission and imbalance between dopamine and acetylcholine transmission, tremor, myotonia, bradykinesia, postural disturbances, and non-motor symptoms such as hyposmia, constipation, abnormal sleep behavior and depression. The disease is characterized by motor symptoms such as tremor, bradykinesia, bradykinesia, postural disturbances, and non-motor symptoms such as hyposmia, constipation, abnormal sleep behavior, and depression.  The specific manifestations of Parkinson’s disease: mask face (dull expression), rubbing pills hand (involuntary trembling of fingers), robotic pace (difficulty in starting steps and sudden stopping), writing too small sign (writing smaller and smaller).