Common symptoms of congenital heart disease Blue lips and mouth, easy to catch a cold or frequent pneumonia after a cold, heart murmur can be heard in the anterior chest, especially on the left edge of the chest, and some children love to squat and rest when walking. If the above symptoms appear, you should see a cardiologist or pediatrician for an examination and a cardiac ultrasound for a clear diagnosis. How to raise a child with congenital heart disease Let the child avoid excessive crying and ensure sufficient sleep. Live a moderately active life and strictly prohibit running, jumping and strenuous exercise to reduce the burden on the heart. Feed more water to ensure adequate hydration, especially for children with cyanotic lips. Keep bowel movements smooth so that the burden on the heart is not increased when excessive force is used to defecate. Keep indoor air circulation and avoid staying in crowded public places as much as possible to reduce the chance of respiratory tract infection. You should add and remove clothes in time with the cold weather, keep your skin clean and change clothes regularly. Follow up regularly at the cardiology clinic of the hospital and take medication strictly according to the doctor’s prescription. Treatment of congenital heart disease Timing of treatment In the past, it was thought that surgery was recommended for simple congenital heart before school age. Because of the young age, low weight, poor general development and nutritional status, it will increase the risk of surgery. At present, large domestic cardiac centers are performing heart surgery for infants and children, and the preoperative diagnosis, surgical techniques, anesthesia and postoperative monitoring have all been passed. Moreover, if the waiting time is too long, the child will be too old and the heart will be compensated to increase, and some of them may even have increased pulmonary artery pressure, which will increase the risk of surgery and even lose the chance of surgery due to Ashmunge syndrome. Therefore, early treatment is currently advocated, unless the malformation is particularly mild. The cardiac surgery department of Xijing Hospital performs more than 450 operations on infants and children every year, with the youngest being operated on at only 3 days old. For congenital malformations that seriously affect growth and development, serious malformations that threaten the life of the child, or complex malformations that require staged surgery, the earlier the surgery the better, regardless of age. Treatment Congenital heart disease generally cannot heal on its own and requires surgical treatment to cure it. If the ventricular or atrial defect is less than 0.5 cm in caliber, no treatment is needed and the defect is reviewed regularly. However, if the ventricular defect in the sub-stem area is close to the aortic valve, it will cause aortic valve prolapse for a long time, so even if it is smaller than 0.5 cm, it should be treated surgically. If the defect is larger than 0.5 cm, surgery is recommended for children. Current treatments for congenital heart disease include: surgery, percutaneous intervention and thoracoscopic treatment. Surgery is still the main treatment modality and is applicable to all kinds of simple congenital heart disease and complex congenital heart disease. Percutaneous intervention is mainly used for arteriovenous ductus arteriosus, atrial septal defect and partial ventricular septal defect. Transthoracic occlusion is mainly for larger caliber atrial defects.