Sciatica is a common syndrome caused by a variety of reasons, often coexisting with lower back pain, mostly unilateral, with the following symptoms and signs: pain is located in the lumbar region, buttocks and radiates to the posterior femur, posterior lateral calf and lateral foot, activity and traction on the sciatic nerve can increase the pain, and the signs are pressure pain along the sciatic nerve, such as the gluteal point in the center of the buttocks, the inferior gluteal point in the center of the transverse gluteal line, the N point in the fossa The pain is often localized in the middle of the gastrocnemius muscle and the points behind the outer ankle, with localized pressure pain and downward radiating pain. If the patient is lying flat, both lower limbs are straight, and the patient’s lateral lower limb is actively elevated so that the hip joint is flexed and the knee joint is still straight, pain along the line of sciatic nerve on the posterior side of the lower limb appears and the elevation is limited and cannot reach 70°, this is a typical sign of sciatica, which is called a positive straight leg elevation test, and in a few cases there is hypotonia of the calf and dull sensation of the skin on the lateral side of the calf. The symptoms and signs may vary depending on the location of the sciatic nerve lesion. There are many causes of sciatica, and they are highlighted as follows: lumbar disc herniation, a common disease caused by trauma or degenerative lesions of the lumbar intervertebral disc causing the disc to herniate posteriorly (within the spinal canal) and compressing the nerve roots, resulting in radiological neuralgia and neurological dysfunction, has the following characteristics: 1. It mostly occurs in young and strong physical workers or those who participate in strenuous sports, and one third have a clear history of lumbar trauma. 2, low back pain, some patients have previous symptoms of chronic low back pain, and another part of them have prominent low back pain. 3, lower limb radiating pain with pressure points along the sciatic nerve, coughing and sneezing, straining to defecate can make the lower limb radiating pain worse, and there is often numbness in the posterior and lateral calf. 4, scoliosis, lumbar physiological foreshortening is reduced or disappears, or even becomes retroconvex deformity, lumbar muscle spasm with pressure pain. 5, positive straight leg raise test, positive straight leg raise ankle dorsiflexion test (that is, in the straight leg raise test, when lifting to the highest, pushing the patient’s ankle joint or its dorsiflexion, there is pain and radiating pain along the line of sciatic nerve on the posterior side of the lower limb is said to be positive). 6, muscle weakness and muscle atrophy, common calf muscle weakness in severe cases may have atrophy, some involve the quadriceps, etc. 7, spinal stenosis, spinal tuberculosis, tumors, inflammation and myelitis, vascular malformation can appear sciatica. 8, In addition, inflammation of the pelvis, tumors, uterine adnexitis and inflammation of the sacroiliac joint, tuberculosis, etc. can also appear sciatica. In short, there are many etiologies, the performance is not entirely consistent, the focus on the common disease lumbar disc herniation, it is easier to make a self-diagnosis.