Patients with hyperprolactinemia may have symptoms such as breast overflow, amenorrhea, and menstrual disorders and infertility, while patients with polycystic ovary syndrome may also have clinical manifestations such as amenorrhea and menstrual disorders, so the two diseases have many common clinical manifestations. In order to differentiate them, a sex hormone test can be done. If the sex hormone test reveals increased prolactin, hyperprolactinemia should be suspected. If the sex hormone test reveals high androgen levels and an imbalance in the ratio of follicle stimulating hormone to luteinizing hormone, polycystic ovary syndrome should be suspected. The treatment options for these two diseases are completely different, so a clear diagnosis must be made before treatment can be administered.