Tuberculosis can be diagnosed as sputum-negative in patients with tuberculosis whose sputum is negative several times, in the case of perfecting other examinations and excluding other diseases. Anti-tuberculosis treatment is also required. The anti-tuberculosis treatment regimen is rifampin, isoniazid, ethambutol and pyrazinamide, and the lung CT should be reviewed in about 1-2 months of anti-tuberculosis treatment to observe the changes of lesion absorption, as well as regular outpatient follow-up and regular review of liver and kidney function to observe the adverse drug reactions. If the patient’s lesions are absorbed after anti-tuberculosis treatment, it also proves to be tuberculosis. The clinical diagnosis of sputum-negative tuberculosis is difficult and requires a comprehensive examination at a regular medical institution.