Encephalitis is an inflammatory disease caused by pathogenic microorganisms infecting the brain parenchyma. Infections caused by viruses and bacteria can be triggered by physical exertion, lowered immunity and other predisposing factors, and treatment should also be carried out for the cause. The main causes of encephalitis are viral infections, various types of viruses can cause encephalitis, such as West Nile virus, herpes simplex virus, encephalitis B virus, etc.; 2. Bacterial infections: bacteria that commonly cause encephalitis include Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Borrelia burgdorferi, Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus mirabilis, Escherichia coli and Streptococcus; 3. Parasitic infections: such as Toxoplasma gondii, Plasmodium, amoeba, etc.; 4, other pathogenic microbial infections: such as mycoplasma, neurosyphilis, leptospirosis, etc. The treatment: 1. antiviral treatment: for encephalitis caused by viral infections, antiviral drugs such as acyclovir and ganciclovir can be applied; 2. anti-infection treatment: if the encephalitis is caused by bacterial infections, sensitive antibiotics can be used to treat different bacteria; 3. traditional Chinese medicine treatment: encephalitis is judged as a warm disease, and herbal medicines that clear heat and detoxify the body can be applied for treatment. In addition to the treatment of the cause, it is to do a good job of symptomatic support treatment for patients with encephalitis. For patients with fever, physical cooling can be the main focus, by placing ice packs under the armpits; for cases of cerebral edema, dehydration and hypotension treatment by mannitol; for patients with more severe psychiatric symptoms, treatment by active participation in antipsychotic drugs, such as chlorpromazine treatment, etc. It is recommended to strengthen physical exercise and a reasonable and balanced diet in daily life to improve body resistance and avoid microbial invasion, which also facilitates the recovery of the disease.