Ulcerative colitis is a chronic non-specific inflammatory bowel disease with pathological changes of inflammation and ulcer formation in the colonic mucosa. The main clinical manifestations are persistent or recurrent abdominal pain, diarrhea, urgency and mucopurulent stools, accompanied by varying degrees of systemic symptoms, the lesions are mostly located in the rectum and distal colon, involving the colonic mucosa and submucosa, and the pathology is mainly characterized by diffuse inflammatory changes in the mucosal layer. The pathology is mainly characterized by diffuse inflammatory changes in the mucosal layer. There are periods of exacerbation and remission, with a long course of disease, varying severity of disease, and easy to recur, making treatment more difficult. In recent years, the incidence of ulcerative colitis is increasing in China due to changes in people’s lifestyle and dietary structure, and is therefore of increasing concern to medical professionals and the general public.