Congenital megacolon can be treated by surgery. Congenital megacolon is mainly caused by a combination of genetic inheritance or environmental factors, and surgery can generally cure it, but complications may occur. Congenital megacolon is commonly found in the sigmoid colon and rectum, mainly due to spasm and stenosis of the affected intestinal canal, causing peristaltic dysfunction of the intestine, resulting in the accumulation of intestinal contents in the intestine, which cannot be expelled, thus causing severe expansion of the diseased intestine and eventually forming a lesion of megacolon. The main treatment method for this disease is surgery, and the principle of surgery is to remove the narrow section or the proximal colon that has lost its normal function, so as to ensure normal defecation function after surgery. After surgery, parents should keep the child’s anus clean and use water or saline to clean the anus after defecation, and pay attention to timely drying. If the child does not have a bowel movement for 2 consecutive days, he or she can use a corked laxative as prescribed by the doctor. In addition, we should observe the nature of the stool of the child in time to prevent diarrhea in daily life.