1.What is mastopathy? Mastopathy is the most common breast disease, and its incidence accounts for the first place of breast diseases. Some reports suggest that the disease may be found in 1 in 20 urban women before menopause. Mastocytosis can occur in women of any age after puberty, but is most common in young and middle-aged women between the ages of 30 and 50. Its main clinical features are breast lumps and breast pain, which generally often worsen in the premenstrual period and decrease after menstruation. Since a small percentage of mastoproliferative disease has the possibility of developing into breast cancer later, some people consider mastoproliferative disease as a “precancerous lesion” of breast cancer. Mastocytosis is neither a tumor nor an inflammatory disease, but a degenerative and progressive change in the structure of the ducts and lobules of the breast. As for the naming of mastocytosis, many scholars at home and abroad have adopted different names according to the lesion characteristics and pathological changes of the disease, so its naming is quite confusing, such as chronic fibrocystic mastopathy, benign epithelial hyperplasia of the breast, lobular hyperplasia of the breast, breast pain, breast adenopathy, breast structural dysplasia, etc. These names reflect the fact that mastocytosis is not a tumor, nor is it an inflammatory disease. These names reflect different aspects and degrees of the pathological changes of the disease, but the basic pathological changes are abnormal and non-physiological increase in the number of mammary epithelial cells. In order to avoid such naming confusion and to make the name of the disease consistent, the National Cancer Control Research Office named it “mastoproliferative disease” in 1978. Mastoproliferative disease belongs to the category of “breast fetish” in Chinese medicine. The description of this disease was first described in Zhongzangjing, and has been discussed by many doctors in the past generations, with detailed descriptions of its etiology, clinical manifestations and treatment. “Breast fetish” is a term describing the painful swelling in the breast due to the irregularity of qi flow, which is sometimes slow and sometimes severe. This is how it is described in the book “Ulcerology Xindeji”: “There are nodules in the breast, shaped like pills and eggs, no pain, no chills and fever, the skin color remains unchanged, and the nucleus waxes and wanes with happiness and anger, this is called mastopathy ……” which describes the characteristics of the lumps and points out the relationship between mastopathy and emotional changes. The relationship. 2. What should I do if I suffer from mastopathy? Mastocytosis is a common and frequent disease in women, only a few of which may become cancerous, and only in patients with advanced mammary gland disease and cystic hyperplasia, which means that most mastocytosis does not become cancerous, but patients with mastocytosis should still be treated actively and followed up regularly. If you suspect that you have mastopathy, you should first go to a hospital with a breast specialist and have ultrasound or X-ray mammography to make a clear diagnosis and exclude tumors before treatment. General drugs can relieve pain and eliminate or shrink lumps, as most drugs for mastocytosis produce therapeutic effects by regulating endocrine effects on the breast, and should be taken under the guidance of a doctor. Mastocytosis is a chronic disease and medication takes a long time to treat, usually 1-3 months. It is a better way to detect breast tumors early by doing regular follow-up and self-examination of the breast. before the age of 40, a comprehensive examination is usually done at the hospital every 1-2 years, and after 40, an annual examination should be done for early detection of precancerous lesions or cancer. 3.Can mastocytosis be prevented? Mastocytosis is due to endocrine dysfunction caused by various internal and external factors. As long as these causes are eliminated, the occurrence of mastocytosis can be reduced; however, there are many causative factors that cause hyperplasia, some of which are not very clear; therefore, we can only prevent it from the currently known causes. Abortion can easily cause endocrine disorders, so you should try to avoid pregnancy outside of family planning and reduce the number of abortions to prevent mastocytosis in youth; women who do not have children are also prone to early onset of mastocytosis. Breastfeeding has many benefits for the mammary glands, more breastfeeding makes the mammary glands fully developed, and after weaning the mammary glands degenerate better and are less likely to suffer from breast hyperplasia, and even if they do, they are lighter and easier to treat. Mental tension, sadness, work pressure, overwork, etc. are also important factors affecting the endocrine system, which can easily cause mastocytosis, as these factors often accompany the life of modern society, especially the intellectual class; therefore, some people call mastocytosis “modern disease”. Keeping a happy, optimistic and healthy mind, combining work and rest and facing life positively will help endocrine balance and reduce the occurrence of mastocytosis in modern society. In terms of diet, it is not advisable to take too many supplements, to eat more vegetables and fruits, to eat less animal fat, and not to take medicines containing hormones without the guidance of a doctor, all of which are conducive to the prevention and treatment of mastocytosis. 4.What are the mammary gland hyperplasia that require surgery? Mastocytosis itself is not indicated for surgery. In the process of treatment follow-up, in order to avoid misdiagnosis or omission of breast cancer, in addition to ultrasound, mammogram, puncture and other means, sometimes it is necessary to perform mastectomy or mastectomy biopsy of breast segments. Although the surgery is less invasive and less bleeding, it is an invasive operation for the patient and the indications need to be strictly controlled. The view that mastopexy does not require surgery or surgery at every turn is incorrect. The purpose of surgical treatment is to avoid misdiagnosis or omission of breast cancer. The following are the basic indications for surgical treatment: (1) Breast enlargement with hyperplastic nodules. In particular, single or multiple fibroid nodules appear during the follow-up process. (2) Significant lamellar masses or limited thickening. (3) With unilateral nipple discharge without being able to exclude breast cancer. (4) In cases under therapeutic observation, a mass that is inconsistent with the surrounding texture on top of the original diffuse nodule. (5) Age greater than 40 years with high risk factors for breast cancer. (6) Those who are ineffective in long-term drug treatment and have great mental stress, which affects their working life. 5.What are the common causes of breast enlargement? The cause of breast enlargement is still unknown, but it is certain that it is closely related to the imbalance of ovarian endocrine hormone levels. Many triggers that cause changes in the ratio of estrogen and progesterone may cause mastocytosis. （Some drugs may change the hormone levels in the body, such as oral contraceptives, antidepressants, certain antihypertensive drugs, hormonal drugs, etc.; taking these drugs requires the guidance of a doctor, and incorrect use may not only induce mastopexy, but also cause other serious complications. (2) “Eating” out of mastopathy In recent years, the fruits on the market are getting bigger and bigger, the colors are getting more and more colorful, but when you buy a taste, you may be greatly disappointed. This is because these fruits use fertilizers containing hormones. Experts warn that it is better to eat less of such fruits. According to the survey, the incidence of breast enlargement has been increasing in recent years, accounting for an increasing proportion of breast surgery visits. In addition to the sensitivity of individual physique to estrogen, it is also closely related to the increased intake of hormone-like substances. How to identify hormonal fruits? Generally speaking, any hormonal fruit has an extra-large and abnormal shape, a shiny appearance and a bland taste of the flesh. Especially some anti-seasonal vegetables and fruits, such as the early listing of oversized strawberries, the appearance of large square-edged kiwi, almost all hormones into; fruit stalks are red lychee and cut the flesh of the melon is bright red but the melon is not ripe, the taste is not sweet watermelon, etc., most of the application of ripening agents; some large seedless grapes are mostly because of the results of the spray estrogen. Eels are hermaphroditic, female when they are small, and will slowly become male during the growth process, under the action of hormonal drugs eels can be premature. Since males are larger than females and sell at a good price, some farmers add estrogen to their feed. But in the end such drugs in the eel body will not be residual, how much drug residue will appear, people eat such eels have no harm, there is a lack of in-depth research. (3) “Tonic” out of mastocytosis Mastocytosis is related to too much attention to tonic. Soup is very representative of Guangdong food culture, but also the culinary strengths of the Guangdong people. Many people in the soup together with animal offal, which the animal’s thyroid, gonads and other endocrine glands contain hormonal substances, through the meal can enter the body. There are also seafood, ginseng royal jelly, royal jelly, bipolysin, pollen-based preparations, chicken embryos, silkworm pupae, etc. also contain certain hormone analogues, which can induce breast enlargement through long-term consumption in large quantities. (4) “Growing” mastopexy Some mastopexy is one of the manifestations of other diseases in the body. Hypothalamic malformation, thyroid dysfunction, liver disease, adrenal disease, uterine and ovarian disease can cause hormonal changes in the body, and in some patients may have mastocytosis as the first symptom, so don’t hold back when you have mastocytosis, but go to the hospital to see a doctor for early detection and treatment of other diseases. (5) “Sparring” out of mastopathy The lifestyle and mental state of working women has laid the groundwork for breast disorders. The increasing competition at work leads to mental anxiety and imbalance, especially among knowledgeable women, who often have children late or give up breastfeeding for their careers. In addition, less physical exercise, less exposure to sunlight, and most people tighten their bras throughout the year, all involve the breast. According to Chinese medicine, lobular hyperplasia of the breast is caused by liver qi stagnation, phlegm and gas stagnation, and is related to emotional discomfort and depression. Keep your mood relaxed, your liver qi flowing freely, and the qi and blood in your veins harmonized and smooth, then the lobules of the breast will not be easily enlarged. Insufficient sleep is not conducive to balancing endocrine secretions, inducing disruptions in the menstrual cycle and making you more susceptible to mastopexy. (6) “Beauty” out of mastopathy Some women often use cosmetics containing estrogen in order to fight aging and beauty. Although occasional use will not have obvious side effects, but long-term use will increase the level of estrogen in the body, thus inducing mastocytosis, it is worth pointing out that some unscrupulous manufacturers falsely advertise their cosmetics and drugs do not contain hormones, no side effects, so that beauty lovers have the illusion that they have planted the root of the scourge of mastocytosis. (7) “Debt” out of breast enlargement The high incidence of breast enlargement that we have today is partly the result of our forefathers interfering with nature and exerting their power indiscriminately. These debts, owed to early human ignorance, are being paid by their descendants. In recent years, there have been numerous reports in the foreign literature that substances released into the environment by the detergent, pesticide and plastics industries and their decomposition products can produce a range of hormone-like pollutants in nature. Such as alkylated phenols in detergents, additives used in the manufacture of plastic products, plasticizers such as phthalates and bisphenol A, as many as seventy species, these substances are discharged into the environment in large quantities every day. In addition, organochlorine pesticides, although rarely used at present, were applied in large quantities many years ago and still have high residues in soil, water and plants. These pollutants are found to have estrogen-like activity after degrading to a certain extent in nature. Their concentrations in nature are low, but the combined synergistic effect between them is very strong.