Patient pain symptoms; advanced pain is one of the most common symptoms of cancer patients, which seriously affects the quality of life of cancer patients. The incidence of pain in first diagnosed cancer patients is about 25%; the incidence of pain in advanced cancer patients is about 60%-80%, and 1/3 of them are in severe pain. If cancer pain (hereinafter referred to as cancer pain) is not relieved, patients will feel extremely uncomfortable, which may cause or aggravate patients’ anxiety, depression, fatigue, insomnia, loss of appetite and other symptoms, seriously affecting patients’ daily activities, self-care ability, interaction ability and overall quality of life. Principles of cancer pain treatment. Cancer pain should adopt the principle of comprehensive treatment, according to the patient’s condition and physical status, and effectively apply analgesic treatments to eliminate pain continuously and effectively, prevent and control the adverse effects of drugs, and reduce the psychological burden caused by pain and treatment, so as to maximize the quality of life of patients. Cancer pain treatment methods. The treatment methods of cancer pain include: etiological treatment, pharmacological pain relief treatment and non-pharmacological treatment. 1. Etiological treatment. The treatment is aimed at the causes of cancer pain. The main causes of cancer pain are cancer itself, complications and so on. Anti-cancer treatment, such as surgery, radiotherapy or chemotherapy, is given to cancer patients, which may relieve cancer pain. 2.Medication for pain relief. (1) Principles. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines for three-step pain relief treatment for cancer pain, the five basic principles of drug pain relief treatment for cancer pain are as follows: (1) Oral administration. Oral administration is the most common route of drug delivery. For patients who are not suitable for oral administration, other routes of drug delivery can be used, such as subcutaneous injection of morphine, patient-controlled analgesia, and more convenient methods such as transdermal patches. 2）Dosing according to the step. According to the degree of pain of patients, analgesic drugs of different strengths should be selected in a targeted manner. ①Mild pain: non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) can be used. ②Moderate pain: weak opioids can be used, and NSAIDs can be used in combination. ③Severe pain: strong opioids can be used and NSAIDs can be used in combination. The use of opioids together with NSAIDs can enhance the pain relief effect of opioids and reduce the dosage of opioids. Strong opioids may also be considered for mild and moderate pain if good analgesia can be achieved without serious adverse effects. If the patient is diagnosed with neuropathic pain, tricyclic antidepressants or anticonvulsants should be preferred, etc. 3) Timely administration of medication. Refers to the regular administration of pain medication at prescribed time intervals. Timely administration helps to maintain a stable and effective blood concentration. At present, the clinical use of controlled and slow-release drugs is becoming more and more widespread, emphasizing the use of controlled and slow-release opioid drugs as the basic medication for pain relief, and immediate release opioid drugs can be given for symptomatic treatment when titration and outbreak pain occur. (4) Individualized drug administration. It refers to the development of individualized medication regimen according to the patient’s condition and the dose of cancer pain relief drugs. When opioids are used, there is no ideal standard dose of opioids due to individual differences, and sufficient doses of drugs should be used according to the patient’s condition to provide pain relief. At the same time, the nature of neuropathic pain should also be identified and the possibility of combined medication should be considered. 3.Non-pharmacological treatment. Non-pharmacological treatments for cancer pain treatment mainly include: interventional therapy, acupuncture, physiotherapy such as transcutaneous electrical stimulation, cognitive-behavioral training, psychosocial support therapy and so on. Appropriate application of non-pharmacological therapy can be a useful supplement to pharmacological pain treatment and can increase the effect of pain treatment when used in combination with pharmacological pain treatment.