The Enneking surgical staging system for limb tumors is now well accepted, but the spine has its anatomical complexity, so it is difficult to apply the Enneking system directly to spinal lesions, but the Enneking oncologic staging for limb tumors can be applied to spinal tumors. The WBB system and the Tomita system, which are currently used internationally, are surgical staging systems specifically for spinal tumors and will facilitate the standardization of surgery, assessment of surgical thoroughness, and comparison and evaluation of data. WBB surgical staging Weinstein started to attempt staging for resection of primary spinal tumors in 1991 and 1994, and then modified it to the WBB staging system now used for clinical evaluation based on the experience of the Rizzoli Institute Boriani et al. considered that surgical staging should be performed only after the tumor is diagnosed and staged oncologically. The staging system consists of three components: (1) 12 zones in a clockwise amplitude pattern in the transverse section of the spine, with zones 4-9 being anterior structures and zones 1-3 and 10-12 being posterior structures; (2) 5 layers from superficial to deeper parts, namely A (extraosseous soft tissue), B (superficial layer of bony structures), C (deep layer of bony structures), D (intradural epidural portion of the spinal canal) and E (intradural portion); (3) the longitudinal extent of the tumor involved (i.e., the invaded segments). The location of the sector of their tumor, the number of layers invaded, and the spine involved were recorded for each case. Tomita surgical classification concept In 1988, Magerl et al. proposed a single posterior incision for total spinal resection, and although effective decompression of the spinal cord was achieved, it was not removed whole (en bloc), but piece by piece (Piecemeal). Because of the difficulty of spinal surgery, the complexity of adjacent structures, and the proximity of large blood vessels and internal organs, most of the previous surgeries were scraping, capsulotomy, or piecemeal removal. In order to avoid as much as possible the contamination of tumor cells and the consequent poor prognosis, Tomita has designed a more aggressive surgical approach: total en bloc spondylectomy (TES) by a single posterior approach. For this purpose, the spinal anatomy was classified into five zones: vertebral body zone (zone 1), pedicle zone (zone 2), lamina, transverse process and spinous process zone (zone 3), intradural epidural zone (zone 4), and paravertebral zone (zone 5); and then surgically classified into three categories and seven types according to the order and extent of lesion involvement (modified from the Enneking surgical staging system): types I-III are inter Type I-III is interstitial, type IV-VI is interstitial, and type VII is multiple or jumping lesions. That is: A lesion confined within the vertebral matrix Type I: in situ lesion purely anterior or posterior (1 or 2 or 3); Type II: anterior or posterior lesion involving the pedicle (1+2 or 3+2); Type III: anterior, posterior and pedicle involvement (1+2+3); B lesion involving extravertebral vertebrae Type IV: involvement of the subarachnoid space (any site +4); Type V: involvement of the paravertebral space (any site +5); Type VI. Involvement of adjacent vertebrae; M – Type VII: multiple or jumping lesions.