An abdominal incisional hernia is defined as: a defect in the abdominal wall under the original surgical incision that is palpable on clinical physical examination or demonstrable on imaging, with or without an abdominal wall mass – European Hernia Society concept. It is more common clinically and accounts for the third most common form of extra-abdominal hernia, especially in the area of longitudinal abdominal incisions. The incidence of incisional hernias is usually less than 1% if the incision is healed in one stage, but can be up to 10% if the incision is infected or if there is severe postoperative coughing, high abdominal pressure, or repeated diaphragmatic reversion; it can even be up to 30% or more if the wound is dehiscent. The recurrence rate after suture repair alone is 30% to 50%, and the treatment effect is unsatisfactory. The main symptom of abdominal incisional hernia is the presence of a reducible mass at the abdominal wall incision. The mass is usually more pronounced in the standing position or during exertion and shrinks or disappears at rest. After return of the mass, a deep abdominal wall defect may be palpable in the scar area. Larger incisional hernias have a pulling sensation in the abdomen. This is accompanied by loss of appetite, nausea, constipation, and vague abdominal pain. Most incisional hernias do not have an intact hernia sac, so the contents of the hernia can often adhere to the extraperitoneal abdominal wall tissue and become a difficult hernia, sometimes with partial intestinal obstruction. The diagnosis of incisional hernia is not difficult based on the patient’s surgical history and symptoms at the incision site. The formation of an incisional hernia in the abdominal wall is mainly related to the systemic and local factors of the patient at the time of surgery. Systemic factors include: old age, chronic wasting disease, hypoproteinemia, malnutrition, etc.; local factors include: incisional infection, incisional dehiscence, injury to abdominal wall nerves and muscles making the abdominal wall weak, large abdominal wall defect, high tension during abdominal closure, tissue avulsion due to incomplete anesthesia, poorly closed peritoneal suture, misaligned sutured tissue, intra-incisional hematoma, fluid accumulation, and postoperative coughing. Among them, incisional infection is the main cause of incisional hernia. Since most of incisional hernias do not have peritoneum, intra-abdominal organs and tissues tend to adhere to the hernia wall, so patients often have hidden abdominal pain, discomfort or intestinal obstruction due to heavy adhesions. If a large incisional hernia is not treated for a long time, the hernia sac will become larger and larger, and the skin of the hernia sac will erode or even break down, which not only affects the quality of life of the patient, but also makes surgical treatment very difficult. What is more dangerous is that after the surgical repair of abdominal wall defect, the original protruding abdominal organs and tissues are re-integrated into the abdominal cavity, increasing the intra-abdominal pressure and limiting the movement of diaphragm, which can cause respiratory insufficiency or even fatal. Therefore, the treatment of incisional hernia should be early. The best time for treatment is usually six months after the last surgery, because after six months the potential infection factors within the original incision have disappeared and the scar has stabilized, providing a guarantee for successful repair. Patients who are unable to tolerate surgery are recommended to be protected with an elastic lap band to prevent incisional hernia ingrowth and slow down the rate of hernia ring enlargement. There are two types of incisional hernia surgery: the traditional direct tissue suture and the artificial material repair (tension-free repair), the former of which is rarely used in developed regions. The former is less used in developed regions. Artificial material repair is the current internationally accepted treatment method, and there are two patch options: 1. polypropylene patches placed outside the peritoneum to strengthen the muscle layer of the abdominal wall, which are inexpensive but have a large surgical separation area and a significant foreign body sensation when the patch is placed inside the abdominal wall. 2. 2, can be placed in the abdominal cavity anti-adhesion patch, the general method of surgery is: clean separation of the intra-abdominal tissues or organs adhering to the hernia ring part of the abdominal wall, reveal the hernia ring, select the appropriate anti-adhesion patch fixed in the abdominal wall, strengthen the abdominal wall to organize the herniation of the abdominal contents. This patch is expensive, but it is a recommended surgical procedure because it is less invasive, has a faster recovery, and most importantly, has a much lower recurrence rate. The development of laparoscopy has made laparoscopic hernia repair possible. It is an excellent option for patients with small to medium incisional hernia in the abdomen (hernia ring less than 10 cm). The procedure does not require an incision, especially for those patients who have experienced open surgery and have some fear of the open procedure. Only one 1 cm diameter and two 0.5 cm diameter punctures are made in the abdomen, and the lumpectomy and instruments are inserted to separate the adhesions, repair the defect and fix the patch under direct television lumpectomy. The patient’s recovery time after surgery is greatly reduced and he can be discharged 1-2 days after surgery if it goes well. It is recommended that eligible patients consult with the hernia specialist or minimally invasive surgery department of regular hospitals to choose such a procedure for treatment. The Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery of Changzhou First People’s Hospital has rich experience in the treatment of incisional hernia in the abdominal wall, and the minimally invasive-laparoscopic procedure is recommended for its small trauma and good results.