Incisional hernia of the abdominal wall is a condition formed by the outward protrusion of intra-abdominal organs and/or tissues through the weak area formed by the original surgical incision in the abdominal wall. Its etiology can be divided into systemic and local factors. Systemic factors mainly include conditions such as long-term application of steroid hormone or immunosuppressive therapy. And advanced age, malnutrition, hypoproteinemia, anemia, diabetes mellitus, postoperative intestinal obstruction, postoperative chest infection, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and ascites, etc., which can eventually affect the normal healing of the incision and thus lead to the occurrence of abdominal wall incisional hernia. Local factors include incisional infection, suture infection, technique of suturing, type of incision, and placement of drains in the surgical incision. The main clinical manifestation is the appearance of a protruding mass at the original surgical incision, which is more prominent when standing upright or coughing and often disappears or shrinks significantly when lying down, and the edge of the hernia ring can usually be clearly retrieved when lying down with the hernia contents retracted. 60% of patients with incisional hernia do not have any symptoms. If the hernia sac is large and there is a large amount of intestine or omentum in it, there is discomfort and pain in the abdomen, and some patients may have difficulty defecating as a result. Incisional hernias are less likely to become incarcerated. In addition, spontaneous rupture of an incisional hernia, although less common, is a life-threatening complication. Surgery is currently the only way to cure an incisional hernia, and prompt medical attention is needed if you feel unwell.