Acute abdomen is an abdominal disease with acute abdominal pain as the prominent manifestation, requiring early diagnosis and timely management. Surgical acute abdominal diseases have inflammatory, perforating, hemorrhagic, obstructive and traumatic etiologies, which are characterized by rapid onset, rapid progression, multiple changes and severe conditions, and can lead to serious consequences if not treated in a timely manner. Due to the diverse manifestations of acute abdomen and the urgency of treatment, there are still many atypical patients who are difficult to obtain a clear diagnosis, which can easily lead to misdiagnosis, and the misdiagnosis rate of acute appendicitis is reported to be about 5%-15%. Given that acute abdominal disease is mainly intra-abdominal lesions, it is difficult for doctors to detect intra-abdominal lesions through the abdominal wall only with the naked eye before surgery, and open surgery can sometimes only explore the organs near the incision, which is easy to miss other lesions in the abdominal cavity, so traditional open surgery has certain limitations, and new treatment techniques are needed to make comprehensive diagnosis and treatment. In recent years, laparoscopic treatment techniques have been widely used in clinical practice. The surgeon enters the abdominal cavity through the puncture opening in the abdominal wall and displays the abdominal cavity clearly on the TV screen and camera, which can observe the diseased organs and injury sites on the one hand and make corresponding treatment according to the situation on the other hand, and has advantages that cannot be matched by B ultrasound, CT, MRI and other auxiliary examinations. According to the literature, laparoscopy is used in the examination of acute abdominal disease with a diagnosis rate of 90% to 100%. Laparoscopic exploration can also complete laparoscopic surgery, such as laparoscopic appendectomy and perforation repair. The indications for laparoscopic exploration are: 1) indications for dissection; 2) relatively stable hemodynamics; and 3) no clear diagnosis by conventional means. Dynamic laparoscopy and treatment are also available. Examples of laparoscopic exploration of common acute abdominal diseases: 1, acute appendicitis: is the most common surgical emergency abdomen, with a variety of clinical manifestations, due to the lack of specific diagnostic methods, atypical cases often interfere with the clinical judgment of physicians, to do timely laparoscopic exploration of atypical cases can improve the rate of diagnosis, while observing the presence of gynecological diseases and intestinal diverticular inflammatory disease, to avoid unnecessary large exploratory incisions or extended incisions. 2, peptic ulcer perforation: clinical diagnosis is relatively easy, when the diaphragm free gas is not clear need to identify other acute abdominal disease or proposed to perform perforation repair can be considered laparoscopic exploration, exploration can be seen in the abdominal cavity digestive fluid overflow, food residue, omental displacement, etc., and feasible laparoscopic repair treatment. 3, acute cholecystitis: most acute cholecystitis clinical diagnosis is not difficult, individual atypical cases need to be differentiated from other diseases can be considered for application. The exploration is seen in acute inflammatory manifestations such as gallbladder congestion and edema, and laparoscopic cholecystectomy is feasible. 4, closed abdominal injury: when it is difficult to determine the presence of organ damage, blind dissection and exploration will increase the rate of death and complications. Laparoscopic exploration with the help of the umbilical rim of the puncture port comprehensive observation of the abdominal cavity, to help clarify the exact location of the injury, to confirm whether the injured organs have active bleeding, can avoid some unnecessary dissection. In conclusion, laparoscopy has the characteristics of high safety, high accuracy, few complications and low operative mortality for acute abdominal diseases, especially those of unknown origin. Based on the completion of laparoscopic diagnosis, subsequent surgical treatment can be completed through laparoscopy in some acute abdominal diseases, and even if intermediate open surgery is required, an ideal surgical incision can be selected to avoid large exploratory incisions. For non-surgical treatment of diseases, unnecessary dissection can be avoided, which is of unique value in clinical practice.