From 1979 to 1983, the prevention program of esophageal cancer was first proposed in China The pioneer in the field of esophageal cancer surgery in China, a professor from China Union Hospital, visited the high incidence of esophageal cancer in Lin County, Henan Province, three times to investigate the incidence of the disease and found that the local residents preferred hot food, and the food was coarse and hard and lacked vitamins. On the basis of these investigations, Prof. Yingkai Wu proposed the first program for the prevention of esophageal cancer. 1987 Microprobe ultrasound endoscopy (EUS) in clinical application Microprobe ultrasound probe began to be used for digestive system examination. Clinical manifestations of esophageal cancer usually appear late, and swallowing difficulties are not felt until 50% of the canal diameter is involved. Therefore, when the lesion segment is severely stenosed, the microprobe EUS can safely pass through severe malignant esophageal stenosis and observe local infiltration and lymph node metastasis. 1991 Three-dimensional ultrasound endoscopy in clinical application Three-dimensional ultrasound endoscopy (3D-EUS) can provide not only conventional views (longitudinal, transverse or oblique views) under conventional EUS, but also coronal views that cannot be shown by conventional EUS, which can clearly show the longitudinal infiltration of esophageal cancer and the spatial relationship between the tumor and the adjacent mediastinum. 2010 Launch of Esophageal Cancer Incidence and Treatment Survey Project The project “National Multicenter Esophageal Cancer Incidence and Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment Survey” was held in Beijing under the auspices of the Esophageal Cancer Professional Committee of China Anti-Cancer Association. The project was launched in Beijing with the participation of more than 70 large tertiary medical centers. In 2011, the Guide to Standardized Diagnosis and Treatment of Esophageal Cancer was launched The Chinese Anti-Cancer Association’s Professional Committee on Esophageal Cancer formulated and launched the Guide to Standardized Diagnosis and Treatment of Esophageal Cancer. The guideline puts forward the recommended implementation plan with comprehensive and in-depth contents, which is suitable for implementation in medical units with strong comprehensive strength, experienced treatment and complete equipment. In 2013, China received an international award for early diagnosis and treatment of esophageal cancer. At the 66th World Health Assembly held in Geneva, Switzerland, Professor Wang Guiqi from Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences received the “Health Promotion Research Award of the State of Kuwait” for the project of early diagnosis and treatment of esophageal cancer in China. The project screened 497,069 people nationwide and found 6,963 cases of esophageal cancer, 76% of which were early-stage cases, and most of which were treated promptly and effectively.