There are many ways to treat amblyopia in children, but no matter which one, all have indications and limitations. The appropriate method should be chosen according to the nature of amblyopia, with the aim of improving visual acuity and restoring binocular vision. Once a child is found to have amblyopia, he or she should first have a dilated eye exam to understand the refractive state and wear appropriate glasses to correct his or her farsightedness, myopia or astigmatism. Appropriate glasses are beneficial for correcting strabismus. Some amblyopia treatment methods require regular visits to the hospital due to conditions. However, the course of treatment for amblyopia in children is long and costs more, so it is most convenient and economical to give preference to home treatment, which can reduce the burden of parents and also adhere to the treatment. At present, there are many small therapeutic devices and methods for home use, which can be applied under the guidance of an ophthalmologist. The following traditional methods are commonly used: 1. Masking therapy: Masking therapy is an ancient and effective amblyopia treatment method, which is one of the simplest, most economical and effective methods to treat children with amblyopia. a. Monocular strict masking method: It is suitable for children with refractive amblyopia and strabismic amblyopia. These children often have better vision in one eye and poorer vision in the other eye due to deeper inhibition. The method is to cover the better eye with a black cloth eye patch and force the amblyopic eye to look at things, so that it can be stimulated and exercised to gradually remove the inhibition and make the vision improve. During the treatment process, the change of visual acuity of the amblyopic eye should be checked, and the visual acuity should be rechecked once every half month, while the visual acuity of the healthy eye should be paid attention to prevent the occurrence of visual acuity loss caused by masking. b. Binocular alternating masking method: Applicable to refractive error amblyopia and monocular strabismic amblyopia. If the visual acuity of both eyes of amblyopia is equal, alternate masking with equal amount of both eyes can be used. The method is: left and right eyes are covered for 3 days; if there is a difference in vision between the two eyes, the method of 4:l or 5:1 can be used according to the specific situation, that is, the eye with better vision is covered for 4 days, and then the eye with poor vision is covered for 1 day, so that the eye with poor vision can see more to exercise and improve vision faster, in order to achieve a balanced rise in vision in both eyes. c. Semi-covering method: It is suitable for children whose visual acuity of amblyopic eye has risen above 0.7. The method is: using translucent plastic film to cover the healthy eye, artificially causing the vision of the healthy eye to be lower than that of the amblyopic eye, so that the amblyopic eye has more opportunities to see things, which is conducive to the establishment and perfection of binocular vision function. d. Short masking method: It is suitable for those whose vision has been restored to normal in the amblyopic eye but is still lower than that of the healthy eye. 2, fine visual training: is a special application exercise for amblyopic eyes, which is beneficial to visual development and improve visual acuity. There are many methods of fine visual acuity training, which should be chosen according to the age, intelligence and visual acuity of the amblyopic child, and the training methods can be changed frequently. For example, the size of the stitches can be decided according to the vision condition. Embroidery, tracing, painting, calligraphy, etc. can also be practiced. Fine visual acuity training must be done with the amblyopic eye once a day for 10 to 15 minutes. Fine visual acuity training is an important part of successful amblyopia treatment for children, so parents should pay attention to this easy-to-use training and keep it up. 3, amblyopia treatment instrument: such as pulse red light therapy, light brush, grating, for all kinds of amblyopic children, 1-2 times a day, 15 minutes each time, 3 months as a course of treatment. Posterior image light is suitable for non-central gaze amblyopia. 4.Comprehensive therapy: Since the mechanisms of various treatments are different, comprehensive therapy is superior to single therapy. For children with amblyopia in one eye, first cover the healthy eye routinely and give the amblyopic eye more gaze exercises, together with fine eye training and stimulation by amblyopia therapy instrument. If the visual acuity of the amblyopic eye improves after several months of treatment, the child can go to the hospital for further treatment (e.g., fusion training with a fixation machine when the visual acuity rises to 0.6). In short, the younger the amblyopia is treated, the better, preferably before the age of 3 – 5. As we all know, the visual development of both eyes is basically formed at the age of 1-2 years, so before the age of 3 years belongs to the critical period of visual development. Most children with amblyopia cannot be detected and treated before the age of 3. The development of amblyopia is basically perfected at the age of 6-8, so if amblyopia is detected after the age of 10 and then treated, the effect is basically hopeless.