Aortic dissection (AD) is a serious cardiovascular emergency caused by rupture of the intima of the aortic wall from various causes, with blood flowing into the aortic wall through the rupture, causing the middle layer to peel away from the outer membrane to form a true and false lumen, with blood fluid forming an intercalated hematoma along the false lumen and extending along the aortic wall to peel away. The true and false lumens are separated by an endothelium with a portion of the middle layer and are connected by one or more breaches. AD is the most severe type of Acute Aortic Syndrome (AAS), which consists mainly of Aortic Dissection (AD), Intramural Aortic Hematoma (IMH), and Aortic Dissection (AD). AD differs from spontaneous rupture of the aortic wall and intimal tears in that aortic coarctation rarely involves the entire circumference of the aorta. Its main etiologies are hypertension, genetic factors, and abnormalities of connective tissue metabolism. Other rare causes are injury, pregnancy, syphilitic aortitis, endocarditis, giant cell inflammation, polyarteritis nodosa, and systemic lupus erythematosus. The main pathological changes are severe mesangial cystic necrosis, sparse mesangial elastic fibers, and mucinous degeneration. In the United States, the annual incidence is estimated to be 5-1 0/100,000, with an additional 12,000 new cases each year. The peak age of onset is 50-70 years, with a male predisposition and a general male to female ratio of 2:1-5:1. Care Min, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan College of Traditional Chinese Medicine AD is the most critical and catastrophic of the aortic diseases, with an acute onset and a dangerous prognosis. Some data show that untreated patients with acute aortic coarctation have a mortality rate of about 33% within 24 hours, 50% within 48 hours, and 80% die within 1 week. Approximately 75% die from aortic wall dissection. In the West, the annual incidence is estimated to be 0.2%-0.8% based on large groups of autopsies. AD therefore poses a great challenge to cardiovascular interventionalists and surgeons. Many colleagues at home and abroad have explored how to adopt appropriate treatment strategies to minimize the rate of death and disability, and many new developments have been made. I. AD staging There are three common staging methods for aortic coarctation according to the location of the coarctation and the extent of aortic wall dissection, namely De Bakey staging, Stanford staging and Kirklin staging. The De Bakey typing method is mostly used in China, but in recent years more and more people use the Stanford typing method because it is easier in determining whether to operate or not. DeBakey typing: Type I The primary rupture is located in the ascending aorta or the root of the aorta, and the entrapment involves the ascending aorta, the arch of the aorta, the thoracic descending aorta, most or all of the abdominal aorta, and rarely the iliac and femoral arteries. Type II The primary rupture is located in the ascending aorta, and the entrapment involves the ascending aorta and, rarely, the aortic arch. Type III The primary rupture is located distal to the opening of the left subclavian artery, and is divided into type IIIa and type IIIb according to the extent of entrapment. Type IIIa entrapment involves the thoracic descending aorta, type IIIb entrapment involves most or all of the thoracic descending aorta and abdominal aorta, and a few type IIIb entrapments can reach the iliac and femoral arteries. Stanford’s staging: Type A: Closure involving the ascending aorta, regardless of the extent of distal involvement. Type B: Closure involving the descending aorta distal to the opening of the left subclavian artery.