Aortic coarctation type a refers to aortic coarctation involving the ascending aorta, which cannot be cured by itself, and should be treated with aggressive surgical procedures once detected to prevent the critical situation of coarctation rupture. Aortic coarctation is a serious cardiovascular disease in which a rupture of the aortic lining occurs and blood flows into the middle layer of the arterial wall, forming a coarctation hematoma, which can be life-threatening in the event of rupture. Aortic coarctation type a refers to the involvement of the ascending aorta, once found, should be immediately to the cardiovascular surgery, and active surgical treatment, to avoid rupture of the coarctation, cardiac tamponade and other emergencies. Aortic coarctation type a surgery mainly involves reconstruction of the aortic arch and root, and the appropriate type of surgery will be chosen according to the patient’s condition. It is recommended that the patient seek medical treatment in a timely manner in order to avoid delaying the condition.