I. Understanding genes Genes are DNA or RNA sequences that carry genetic information (i.e., genes are DNA or RNA fragments with genetic effects), also known as genetic factors, which are the basic genetic units that control traits. Genes express the genetic information they carry by directing the synthesis of proteins, thereby controlling the performance of traits in individual organisms. Genetic testing is a technology that detects DNA through blood, other body fluids or cells. It is a technique that takes the mucous membrane cells or other tissue cells shed by the tested person, amplifies their genetic information, and then detects the DNA molecular information in the tested person’s cells through specific equipment to predict the risk of diseases in the body and analyze the various genes it contains, so that people can understand their own genetic information and thus improve their performance by improving their genetic status. This enables people to understand their own genetic information so that they can avoid or delay the occurrence of diseases by improving their living environment and habits. Genetic testing can be used to diagnose diseases and to predict disease risk. Disease diagnosis involves the use of genetic testing technologies to detect mutated genes that cause inherited diseases. The most widely used genetic tests are for the detection of hereditary diseases in newborns, the diagnosis of genetic diseases and the auxiliary diagnosis of certain common diseases. There are more than 1,000 genetic diseases that can be diagnosed by genetic testing technology. For testing, the genes of the subject are first extracted from the blood or other cells. Then this part of the gene is copied many times using primers that can identify genes that may have mutations and PCR technology, and the presence of mutations or the presence of sensitive genotypes is determined using mutation gene probe methods with special markers, enzyme digestion methods, gene sequence detection methods, etc. Genetic checkup 1. The genetic checkup can help you to know whether you have the genes that cause familial diseases. 2.The correct choice of drugs, to avoid drug waste and adverse drug reactions. 3.Provide the best basis for health risk management. At present, the main methods of genetic testing are: fluorescence quantitative PCR, gene chip, liquid biochip and microfluidic technology, etc.